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Narada Purana — Purva Bhaga, Shloka 39

Janaka’s Quest for Liberation; Pañcaśikha’s Sāṅkhya on Renunciation, Elements, Guṇas, and the Deathless State

यथा तातानि पश्यति तादृशः सत्त्वसंक्षयः । जरयाभिपरीतस्य मृत्युना च विनाशितम् ॥ ३९ ॥

yathā tātāni paśyati tādṛśaḥ sattvasaṃkṣayaḥ | jarayābhiparītasya mṛtyunā ca vināśitam || 39 ||

جیسے آدمی اپنے بزرگوں/آباء کو زوال پذیر ہوتے دیکھتا ہے، ویسے ہی اس کی اپنی قوتِ حیات بھی گھٹتی ہے؛ بڑھاپا بدن کو الٹ پلٹ کر دیتا ہے اور آخرکار موت اسے مٹا دیتی ہے۔

yathāas/just as
yathā:
Sambandha (उपमा/दृष्टान्त)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootyathā (अव्यय)
FormComparative/illustrative indeclinable (यथार्थक-अव्यय)
tātānithose (things)
tātāni:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Roottāta (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Plural; object of paśyati (as per given reading)
paśyatisees
paśyati:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootdṛś (धातु)
FormPresent tense (लट्), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular; Parasmaipada
tādṛśaḥsuch/of that kind
tādṛśaḥ:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Roottādṛśa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular; adjective qualifying sattvasaṃkṣayaḥ
sattva-saṃkṣayaḥdecline of vitality/strength
sattva-saṃkṣayaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootsattva + saṃkṣaya (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular; ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa: sattvasya saṃkṣayaḥ
jarayāby old age
jarayā:
Karana (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootjarā (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine, Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Singular
abhiparītasyaof one overcome/afflicted
abhiparītasya:
Sambandha (षष्ठी-सम्बन्ध)
TypeVerb
Rootabhi-pari-ita (धातु √i + उपसर्ग)
FormPast passive participle (क्त), Masculine/Neuter, Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Singular; qualifies an implied noun (e.g., śarīrasya/jīvasya)
mṛtyunāby death
mṛtyunā:
Karana (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootmṛtyu (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Singular
caand
ca:
Sambandha (समुच्चय)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
FormConjunction (समुच्चयबोधक-अव्यय)
vināśitamdestroyed/ruined
vināśitam:
Kriya (क्रियाविशेष/भाव)
TypeVerb
Rootvi-naś (धातु)
FormPast passive participle (क्त), Neuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular; predicate/qualifier (elliptic construction)

Sanatkumara (teaching Narada in Moksha-dharma context)

Vrata: none

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: karuna

FAQs

It cultivates vairagya (dispassion) by pointing to the visible certainty of decline and death, urging the seeker to turn from bodily identification toward moksha-oriented practice.

By exposing the body’s inevitable ruin through jarā and mṛtyu, it redirects reliance from the perishable to the imperishable—supporting steadfast Vishnu-bhakti as a refuge beyond death.

No specific Vedanga is taught in this verse; the practical takeaway is contemplative discipline—regularly reflecting on impermanence as an aid to self-control and liberation-focused living.