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Narada Purana — Purva Bhaga, Shloka 104

Jīva–Ātman Inquiry; Kṣetrajña Doctrine; Karma-based Varṇa; Four Āśramas and Sannyāsa Discipline

Devanagari script

भरद्वाज उवाच । यदेतञ्चातुराश्रम्यं ब्रह्मर्षिविहितं पुरा । तेषां स्वे स्वे समाचारास्तन्मे वक्तुमिहार्हसि ॥ १०४ ॥

Transliteration

bharadvāja uvāca | yadetañcāturāśramyaṃ brahmarṣivihitaṃ purā | teṣāṃ sve sve samācārāstanme vaktumihārhasi || 104 ||

Translation

بھردواج نے کہا—یہ چاتور آشرم کی व्यवस्था جو قدیم زمانے میں برہمرشیوں نے مقرر کی تھی، ان میں سے ہر ایک کے اپنے اپنے آچار اور فرائض مجھے یہاں بیان کیجیے۔

Word by Word
भरद्वाजःBharadvāja
भरद्वाजः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootभरद्वाज (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन — speaker
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootवच् (धातु)
Formलिट्, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन — ‘said’
यत्that which
यत्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन — ‘that which/what’ (introducing clause)
एतत्this
एतत्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootएतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन — ‘this’
चातुराश्रम्यम्the four-āśrama system
चातुराश्रम्यम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootचातुर् + आश्रम (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन — ‘system of four āśramas’; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (चातुर्णाम् आश्रमाणाम् भावः)
ब्रह्मर्षिविहितम्ordained by the Brahmarṣis
ब्रह्मर्षिविहितम्:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootब्रह्मर्षि + विहित (कृदन्त; धा धातु/वि+धा)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन — ‘ordained by Brahmarṣis’; तृतीया-तत्पुरुष (ब्रह्मर्षिभिः विहितम्)
पुराformerly
पुरा:
Adverbial (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपुरा (अव्यय)
Formकालवाचक अव्यय — ‘formerly/once’
तेषाम्of them
तेषाम्:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, बहुवचन — ‘of them’ (of those āśramas/people therein)
स्वेin their own
स्वे:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootस्व (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुं/नपुंसक, सप्तमी, एकवचन — ‘in one’s own/in their respective’ (locative)
स्वेeach in its own
स्वे:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootस्व (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुं/नपुंसक, सप्तमी, एकवचन — repetition for distributive sense ‘each in its own’
समाचाराःobservances
समाचाराः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootसमाचार (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन — ‘customs/observances’
तत्that
तत्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन — ‘that’ (object to be told)
मेto me
मे:
Sampradana (सम्प्रदान)
TypeNoun
Rootअस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formषष्ठी/चतुर्थी, एकवचन — enclitic ‘to me/for me’ (here: dative sense)
वक्तुम्to tell
वक्तुम्:
Prayojana (प्रयोजन)
TypeVerb
Rootवच् (धातु)
Formतुमुन्-प्रत्ययान्त Infinitive — ‘to tell’
इहhere
इह:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइह (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय — ‘here/now (in this context)’
अर्हसिyou should/are worthy
अर्हसि:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootअर्ह् (धातु)
Formलट् (वर्तमान/Present), मध्यमपुरुष, एकवचन — ‘you are fit/ought’
Speaker

Bharadvaja

Vrata Kalpa

Vrata: none

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: adbhuta

Characters & Entities
B
Bharadvaja
B
Brahmarshis

FAQs

It frames the four āśramas as an ancient, authoritative Dharma structure and requests their detailed practices—implying that orderly life-stages are a means for inner purification and eventual mokṣa.

While bhakti is not named directly here, the verse prepares the ground for bhakti-in-action: each āśrama has its own disciplined conduct through which devotion, worship, and self-control can be lived appropriately.

The verse emphasizes applied Dharma (ācāra/samācāra) rather than a specific Vedāṅga; it points to the need for correct rule-based conduct as preserved in Dharma-śāstra and traditional practice.

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