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Shloka 25

Adhyaya 77Sanjna’s Withdrawal from Surya: The Birth of Yama and Yamuna, and the Emergence of Chhaya

छायासंज्ञा त्वपत्येषु यथा स्वेष्वतिवत्सला ।

तथा न संज्ञाकन्यायां पुत्रयोश्चान्ववर्तत ॥

chāyāsaṃjñā tv apatyeṣu yathā sveṣv ativatsalā /

tathā na saṃjñākanyāyāṃ putrayoś cānvavartata

چھایا—اگرچہ سنجنا کہلاتی تھی—اپنے ہی بچوں پر بے حد شفقت کرتی تھی؛ مگر سنجنا کی بیٹی اور بڑے بیٹوں پر ویسی محبت ظاہر نہ کرتی تھی۔

छाया-संज्ञाChāyāsaṃjñā (the one named Chāyā)
छाया-संज्ञा:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootchāyā (प्रातिपदिक) + saṃjñā (प्रातिपदिक)
Formकर्मधारय-समास (छाया इव संज्ञा यस्याः/या); स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा एकवचन (Nom sg)
तुhowever
तु:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottu (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; विरोध/विशेषार्थक (but/indeed)
अपत्येषुtowards the children
अपत्येषु:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootapatya (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी बहुवचन (Loc pl)
यथाas
यथा:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootyathā (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; उपमान/प्रकारवाचक (as/just as)
स्वेषुtowards her own (children)
स्वेषु:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootsva (प्रातिपदिक/सर्वनाम)
Formपुं/नपुंसक, सप्तमी बहुवचन (Loc pl); सर्वनाम-प्रयोग
अति-वत्सलाexcessively affectionate
अति-वत्सला:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootati (उपसर्ग/अव्यय) + vatsalā (प्रातिपदिक)
Formअव्ययीभाव-समास (अति+वत्सला); स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा एकवचन (Nom sg); विशेषण
तथाso
तथा:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottathā (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; तदनुरूप (so/in the same way)
not
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; निषेध (negation)
संज्ञा-कन्यायाम्towards Saṃjñā’s daughter
संज्ञा-कन्यायाम्:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootsaṃjñā (प्रातिपदिक) + kanyā (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुष-समास (संज्ञायाः कन्या); स्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी एकवचन (Loc sg)
पुत्रयोःof the two sons
पुत्रयोः:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
TypeNoun
Rootputra (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी द्विवचन (Gen du)
and
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; समुच्चयबोधक (and)
अन्ववर्ततbehaved/followed (with affection)
अन्ववर्तत:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootanu-√vṛt (धातु)
Formलङ् (अनद्यतनभूत/Imperfect), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; आत्मनेपद
Narrative voice within Mārkaṇḍeya’s telling
ChāyāSaṃjñāSūrya
Dharma in family lifePartialityEthics of caregivingKarmic causality

FAQs

Parental/guardian impartiality is a core dharmic expectation; partial affection becomes a moral fault that provokes conflict and karmic consequences, especially when it harms dependents.

Vaṃśānucarita: the narrative explains behavioral causes leading to later events in the lineage (Yama’s curse).

‘Shadow’ love (chāyā-vatsalya) clings to what is ‘mine’; it symbolizes egoic attachment that cannot extend equally to what is not self-identified, generating saṃskāra-driven conflict.