Shloka 1

Adhyaya 60 — Descriptions of Kimpurusha-varsha, Hari-varsha, Ilavrita (Meru-varsha), Ramyaka, and Hiranyamaya

Sanskrit

इति श्रीमार्कण्डेयपुराणेऽथोत्तरकुरुकथनं नामैकोनषष्टितमोऽध्यायः ।

षष्टितमोऽध्यायः—

मार्कण्डेय उवाच ।

यत्तु किम्पुरुषं वर्षं तत् प्रवक्ष्याम्यहं द्विज ।

यत्रायुर् दशसाहस्रं पुरुषाणां वपुष्मताम् ॥

Transliteration

iti śrī-mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇe 'thottara-kuru-kathanaṃ nāmaikonaṣaṣṭitamo 'dhyāyaḥ | ṣaṣṭitamo 'dhyāyaḥ— mārkaṇḍeya uvāca | yat tu kiṃpuruṣaṃ varṣaṃ tat pravakṣyāmy ahaṃ dvija | yatrāyur daśa-sāhasraṃ puruṣāṇāṃ vapuṣmatām ||

Translation

یوں شری مارکنڈےی پران میں ‘اُتّر-کُرو کا بیان’ نامی انسٹھواں ادھیائے ختم ہوا۔ اب ساٹھواں ادھیائے۔ مارکنڈےی نے کہا—اے دْوِج، اب میں کِمْپُرُش نامی دیس کا وصف بیان کروں گا، جہاں جسم والے انسانوں کی عمر دس ہزار برس ہوتی ہے۔

Word by Word

• iti: thus
• iti: Vākyopasaṃhāra (वाक्योपसंहार)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: iti (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; इति-शब्दः (closure/quotative)

• śrī-mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇe: in the Śrī Mārkaṇḍeya Purāṇa
• śrī-mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇe: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: śrī (प्रातिपदिक) + mārkaṇḍeya (प्रातिपदिक) + purāṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन; बहुपद-तत्पुरुषसमासः (title-compound)

• atha: then
• atha: Vākyārambha (वाक्यारम्भ)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: atha (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; आरम्भ/अनन्तर (then/now)

• uttara-kuru-kathanam: the narration of Uttara-Kuru
• uttara-kuru-kathanam: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: uttara (प्रातिपदिक) + kuru (प्रातिपदिक) + kathana (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (uttarakurūṇāṃ kathanam)

• nāma: named
• nāma: Saṃjñā-bodhaka (संज्ञाबोधक)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: nāman (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्ययवत् प्रयोगः; नाम-शब्दः (designation marker: ‘named’)

• ekona-ṣaṣṭitamaḥ: fifty-ninth
• ekona-ṣaṣṭitamaḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: ekona (प्रातिपदिक) + ṣaṣṭitama (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; संख्यावाचक-तत्पुरुषः (‘one-less-than-sixtieth’ = 59th)

• adhyāyaḥ: chapter
• adhyāyaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: adhyāya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन

• ṣaṣṭitamaḥ: sixtieth
• ṣaṣṭitamaḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: ṣaṣṭitama (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; क्रमवाचक (ordinal)

• adhyāyaḥ: chapter
• adhyāyaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: adhyāya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन

• mārkaṇḍeyaḥ: Mārkaṇḍeya
• mārkaṇḍeyaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: mārkaṇḍeya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन

• uvāca: said
• uvāca: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √vac (धातु)
• Form: लिट् (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन; परस्मैपदम्

• yat: which
• yat: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; सम्बन्धसूचक (relative pronoun)

• tu: indeed
• tu: Vākyasambandha (वाक्यसम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tu (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; विरोध/अन्वय (but/indeed)

• kiṃpuruṣam: Kiṃpuruṣa (name)
• kiṃpuruṣam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kiṃpuruṣa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन

• varṣam: region/land (varṣa)
• varṣam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: varṣa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन

• tat: that
• tat: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; निर्देश (that)

• pravakṣyāmi: I will explain
• pravakṣyāmi: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: pra√vac (धातु)
• Form: लृट् (Simple Future), उत्तमपुरुष (1st person), एकवचन; परस्मैपदम्

• aham: I
• aham: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: asmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: उत्तमपुरुष-सर्वनाम, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन

• dvija: O twice-born
• dvija: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: dvija (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन (8th/Vocative), एकवचन

• yatra: where
• yatra: Deśa-adhikaraṇa (देशाधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: yatra (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; सम्बन्ध-देशवाचक (relative locative adverb: where)

• āyuḥ: lifespan
• āyuḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: āyus (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन

• daśa-sāhasram: ten thousand
• daśa-sāhasram: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: daśa (प्रातिपदिक) + sāhasra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1st/2nd), एकवचन; द्विगु-समासः (daśa sahasrāṇi = ten thousand)

• puruṣāṇām: of men
• puruṣāṇām: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: puruṣa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), बहुवचन

• vapuṣmatām: of the embodied
• vapuṣmatām: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: vapuṣmat (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), बहुवचन; मतुप्-प्रत्ययान्त (possessive adjective: ‘having a body’)

Speakers

• Mārkaṇḍeya (speaker within the narrative)

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "adbhuta", "secondaryRasa": "shanta", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes

• Sacred geography
• Mythic anthropology (lifespans)
• Textual colophon/structuring

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Different realms reflect different conditions of embodied life; longevity is presented as environmentally and dharmically conditioned, not merely biological.

How does this fit the Pancalakṣaṇa (5 characteristics)?

Cosmography and world-ordering (sarga/pratisarga adjunct), with anthropological notes (lifespan) typical of varṣa descriptions.

What is the esoteric significance?

Ten-thousand-year lifespan motifs indicate a subtler density of embodiment and a slower karmic tempo—time itself appears graded across cosmic regions.