Adhyaya 57 — The Ninefold Divisions of Bharata: Mountains, Rivers, and Peoples
मृगपश्वप्सरोयोनिस्तद्वत् सर्वे सरीसृपाः । स्थावराणाञ्च सर्वेषामितो ब्रह्मन् शुभाशुभैः ॥
mṛgapaśvapsaroyonis tadvat sarve sarīsṛpāḥ | sthāvarāṇāñ ca sarveṣām ito brahman śubhāśubhaiḥ ||
یہیں سے، اے برہمن، نیک و بد اعمال کے مطابق ہرن اور چوپایوں کی پیدائشیں، اپسراؤں کی پیدائشیں، تمام سانپ وغیرہ رینگنے والے جانداروں کی پیدائشیں، اور ساکن (غیر متحرک) مخلوقات کی پیدائش بھی ہوتی ہے۔
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Human life is portrayed as a decisive junction: through śubha/aśubha karma one can rise to refined celestial births or fall into lower and even immobile forms—therefore ethical vigilance is essential.
Karmic doctrine supporting manvantara/yuga cosmology: it explains movement of jīvas across births within the created order (sarga) through moral causality.
The wide span—from apsaras to sthāvara—indicates the continuum of consciousness’ contraction/expansion; karma acts as the ‘operator’ determining the degree of manifestation.