Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 22

Adhyaya 48The Emanation of Beings from Brahma: Night, Day, Twilight, and the Orders of Creation

सर्पणात्तेऽभवन् सर्पा हीनत्वादहयः स्मृताः ।

सर्पान् दृष्ट्वा ततः क्रोधात् क्रोधात्मानो विनिर्ममे ॥

sarpaṇātte 'bhavan sarpā hīnatvād ahayaḥ smṛtāḥ | sarpān dṛṣṭvā tataḥ krodhāt krodhātmāno vinirmame ||

ان کی رینگنے والی حرکت کے سبب وہ ‘سَرپ’ کہلائے؛ اور پستی و زمین سے لگے رہنے کی وجہ سے وہ ‘اَہَیَہ’ کے نام سے یاد کیے گئے۔ اُن سانپوں کو دیکھ کر اُس نے غضب سے ایسے جاندار پیدا کیے جن کی فطرت ہی قہر تھی۔

sarpaṇātfrom crawling/creeping
sarpaṇāt:
Apadana (अपादान)
TypeNoun
Rootsarpaṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNapumsaka (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Ablative (5th/पञ्चमी), Singular (एकवचन)
tethey
te:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन)
abhavanbecame
abhavan:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootbhū (धातु)
FormLuṅ (लुङ्, Aorist/Past), Parasmaipada (परस्मैपद), 3rd Person (प्रथमपुरुष), Plural (बहुवचन)
sarpāḥserpents
sarpāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootsarpa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन)
hīnatvātdue to inferiority/deficiency
hīnatvāt:
Hetu (हेतु)
TypeNoun
Roothīnatva (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNapumsaka (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Ablative (5th/पञ्चमी), Singular (एकवचन)
ahayaḥsnakes (ahis)
ahayaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootahi (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन)
smṛtāḥwere called/considered
smṛtāḥ:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootsmṛ (धातु)
FormKta-participle (क्त, Past Passive Participle), Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन); passive sense ‘were called/considered’
sarpānserpents
sarpān:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootsarpa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Plural (बहुवचन)
dṛṣṭvāhaving seen
dṛṣṭvā:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootdṛś (धातु)
FormAbsolutive/Gerund (क्त्वा-प्रत्यय, अव्ययकृदन्त)
tataḥthen/thereupon
tataḥ:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottatas (अव्यय-प्रातिपदिक)
FormAvyaya (अव्यय), adverb (क्रियाविशेषण)
krodhātfrom anger; out of anger
krodhāt:
Hetu (हेतु)
TypeNoun
Rootkrodha (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Ablative (5th/पञ्चमी), Singular (एकवचन)
krodha-ātmānaḥwhose nature was anger; anger-natured
krodha-ātmānaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootkrodha (प्रातिपदिक) + ātman (प्रातिपदिक)
FormTatpuruṣa (तत्पुरुष) ‘krodhaḥ ātma yasya/yeṣām’; Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन)
vinirmamecreated/produced
vinirmame:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootvi-nir-mā (धातु)
FormLiṭ (लिट्, Perfect), Ātmanepada (आत्मनेपद), 3rd Person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन)
Narratorial cosmology within Markandeya Purana’s discourse frame (exact speaker depends on edition’s framing dialogue)

{ "primaryRasa": "raudra", "secondaryRasa": "adbhuta", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Brahmā (implied as creator)
CosmologySarga (creation)Etymological explanation (nirukti)Origins of species

FAQs

The verse links temperament and form: certain beings arise associated with specific guṇic impulses (here, krodha). It implicitly cautions that ungoverned anger generates destructive tendencies and ‘species’ of behavior.

Primarily Sarga (creation), specifically a sub-strand of secondary creation describing classes of beings and their naming through nirukti-style etymology.

Serpentine movement symbolizes tamas-bound consciousness (low, earth-hugging). ‘Krodhātmānaḥ’ suggests that anger crystallizes into autonomous forces—inner afflictions becoming outer adversaries.