Shloka 4

Adhyaya 45 — Mount Meru

Sanskrit

दिष्ट्या भगवता तेन मार्कण्डेयेन धीमता ।

भवन्तो वै समाख्याताः सर्वसन्देहहृत्तमाः ॥

Transliteration

diṣṭyā bhagavatā tena mārkaṇḍeyena dhīmatā /

bhavanto vai samākhyātāḥ sarva-sandeha-hṛt-tamāḥ

Translation

خوش بختی سے اس مبارک اور دانا مارکنڈےیہ نے تمہیں اچھی طرح تعلیم دی ہے؛ وہ ہر شک اور تاریکی کو مٹانے والا ہے۔

Word by Word

• diṣṭyā: by good fortune
• diṣṭyā: Hetu (हेतु)
• Type: Noun
• Root: diṣṭi (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), एकवचन; भावे (idiom: ‘fortunately/by good luck’)

• bhagavatā: by the venerable one
• bhagavatā: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bhagavat (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), एकवचन

• tena: by that
• tena: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), एकवचन; ‘मार्कण्डेयेन’ इत्यस्य विशेषणम्

• mārkaṇḍeyena: by Mārkaṇḍeya
• mārkaṇḍeyena: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: mārkaṇḍeya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), एकवचन

• dhīmatā: wise
• dhīmatā: Karana (करण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: dhīmat (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), एकवचन; ‘मार्कण्डेयेन’ इत्यस्य विशेषणम्

• bhavantaḥ: you (all)
• bhavantaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bhavat (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन

• vai: indeed
• vai: Nishcaya (निश्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: vai (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; निश्चयार्थक/उपपादक (emphatic particle)

• samākhyātāḥ: have been well instructed
• samākhyātāḥ: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: sam-ā-√khyā (ख्या धातु) + क्त (क्त-प्रत्यय)
• Form: कृदन्त (PPP), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन; कर्मणि: “have been fully instructed/told”

• sarva-sandeha-hṛt-tamāḥ: best removers of all doubts
• sarva-sandeha-hṛt-tamāḥ: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: sarva (प्रातिपदिक) + sandeha (प्रातिपदिक) + hṛt (√hṛ ‘to take away’/हृत् as adjectival stem) + tama (तम-प्रत्यय)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन; बहुपद-तत्पुरुषः: ‘सर्वेषां सन्देहानां हर्तारः’ इति अर्थे, ‘तम’ अतिशय (superlative)

Speakers

• Jaimini (praising Markandeya and the clarity of transmission to the birds)

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "bhakti", "secondaryRasa": "shanta", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Primary Deities

• Markandeya (ṛṣi)

Key Themes

• Guru-paramparā
• Authority of Markandeya
• Removal of doubt (saṃśaya-nivṛtti)
• Transmission of wisdom

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

True teaching is measured by its capacity to remove doubt and the ‘darkness’ of confusion. The verse also highlights lineage: insight is preserved and clarified through trustworthy transmission from realized sages.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

Frame-story affirmation of the narrator’s authority; not a direct five-lakṣaṇa element, but it supports the Purāṇa’s claim to reliable instruction.

What is the esoteric significance?

‘Doubt’ and ‘darkness’ are paired as cognitive and existential obstacles. The guru’s role is not merely to add information but to dissolve obscuration, making the listener’s innate clarity operative.