Shloka 20

Adhyaya 35 — Madālasa’s Instruction on Purity, Impurity, and Corrective Rites (Śauca and Aśauca)

Sanskrit

तथा मांसञ्च चण्डालक्राव्यादादिनिपातितम् ।

रथ्यागतञ्च चेलादि तात ! वातात् शुचि स्मृतम् ॥

Transliteration

tathā māṃsañ ca caṇḍāla-krāvyādādi-nipātitam | rathyāgatañ ca celādi tāta vātāt śuci smṛtam ||

Translation

اے عزیز! چنڈال وغیرہ گوشت خور کے گرائے ہوئے گوشت اور گلی کے لمس سے لگے ہوئے کپڑے وغیرہ—سمرتی کے مطابق ہوا کے لگنے سے پاک ہو جاتے ہیں۔

Word by Word

• तथा: likewise/so
• तथा: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connecting)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tathā (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (indeclinable adverb)

• मांसम्: meat
• मांसम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: māṃsa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (कर्म), एकवचन

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connecting)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक अव्यय (conjunction)

• चण्डाल-क्राव्य-आदि-निपातितम्: defiled by (contact with) a caṇḍāla, carrion, etc.
• चण्डाल-क्राव्य-आदि-निपातितम्: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: caṇḍāla (प्रातिपदिक) + krāvya (प्रातिपदिक) + ādi (अव्यय/प्रातिपदिक) + nipātita (कृदन्त, √pat (पत्) + नि)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (past passive participle) ‘निपातित’ = ‘caused to fall/defiled by falling’; समासः—तत्पुरुष (caṇḍālena krāvyādinā nipātitam)

• रथ्या-गतम्: (that which is) in the street
• रथ्या-गतम्: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: rathyā (प्रातिपदिक) + gata (कृदन्त, √gam (गम्))
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; क्त-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त (past participle) ‘gata’; समासः—तत्पुरुष (rathyāyāṃ gatam = come/lying in the street)

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connecting)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक अव्यय (conjunction)

• चेल-आदि: cloth and the like
• चेल-आदि: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: cela (प्रातिपदिक) + ādi (प्रातिपदिक/अव्यय)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन (समूहवाचक); समासः—तत्पुरुष (celam ādiḥ yasya/tadādi = cloth etc.)

• तात: dear one/son
• तात: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tāta (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन (8th/vocative), एकवचन

• वातात्: from wind/air
• वातात्: Apadana (अपादान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vāta (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी (अपादान), एकवचन

• शुचि: pure/clean
• शुचि: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: śuci (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; विशेषण

• स्मृतम्: is said/considered
• स्मृतम्: Kriya (क्रिया/predication)
• Type: Verb
• Root: smṛta (कृदन्त, √smṛ (स्मृ))
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; क्त-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त ‘smṛta’ = ‘considered/declared (as)’; वाक्ये विधेयभाव (predicative)

Speakers

• Dharma-instructional narration within the Purāṇic discourse (speaker not specified in the provided excerpt)

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "dharma", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes

• Dharma
• Śauca (purity)
• Aśauca (defilement)
• Householder conduct

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

The passage frames purity not only as a social boundary but as a practical rule: certain impurities are considered removable through natural purifiers (here, wind). It emphasizes restoration (śuddhi) through recognized means rather than permanent stigma.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

This section is primarily Dharma/ācāra material (conduct and ritual purity). It is ancillary to pancalakṣaṇa topics (sarga, pratisarga, vaṃśa, manvantara, vaṃśānucarita) rather than directly an instance of them.

What is the esoteric significance?

Wind (vāyu) functions as an unseen cleanser, symbolizing the subtle prāṇic principle that restores balance when gross contamination has occurred—an outer rule reflecting an inner doctrine of purification through subtle forces.