Shloka 44

Adhyaya 34 — Madālāsā’s Instruction on Sadācāra (Householder Conduct, Purity, and Daily Rites)

Sanskrit

तैलाभ्यङ्गं तथा भोगं योषितश्च विवर्जयेत् ।

न क्षिप्तपादजङ्घश्च प्राज्ञस्तिष्ठेत् कदाचन ॥

Transliteration

tailābhyaṅgaṃ tathā bhogaṃ yoṣitaś ca vivarjayet |

na kṣipta-pāda-jaṅghaś ca prājñas tiṣṭhet kadācana ||

Translation

تیل سے مالش، عیش و عشرت اور عورتوں کے ساتھ نامناسب میل جول سے پرہیز کرنا چاہیے۔ دانا شخص کو کبھی ٹانگیں اور پاؤں پھیلا کر بےقید انداز میں کھڑا نہیں ہونا چاہیے۔

Word by Word

• तैलाभ्यङ्गम्: oil-massage/anointing with oil
• तैलाभ्यङ्गम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तैल + अभ्यङ्ग (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (कर्म), एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (Genitive Tatpurusha: 'oil-massage')

• तथा: likewise
• तथा: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/adverbial)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय/प्रकारार्थक-अव्यय (adverb: likewise)

• भोगम्: enjoyment/indulgence
• भोगम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: भोग (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (कर्म), एकवचन (Masculine, Accusative, Singular)

• योषितः: women
• योषितः: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: योषित् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (कर्म), बहुवचन (Feminine, Accusative, Plural)

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक-निपात (conjunction)

• विवर्जयेत्: should completely avoid
• विवर्जयेत्: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: विवर्ज् (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (optative), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन (Optative, Parasmaipada, 3rd person, Singular)

• न: not
• न: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/negation)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (अव्यय)
• Form: निषेधार्थक-निपात (negation particle)

• क्षिप्तपादजङ्घः: one with legs/feet flung out (improperly seated)
• क्षिप्तपादजङ्घः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: क्षिप्त + पाद + जङ्घा (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (कर्ता), एकवचन; कर्मधारय/तत्पुरुष-समासार्थः: 'having thrown-out feet and shanks' (describing posture)

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक-निपात (conjunction)

• प्राज्ञः: a wise person
• प्राज्ञः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्राज्ञ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (कर्ता), एकवचन (Masculine, Nominative, Singular)

• तिष्ठेत्: should remain/sit/stand
• तिष्ठेत्: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: स्था (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (optative), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन (Optative, Parasmaipada, 3rd person, Singular)

• कदाचन: ever/at any time
• कदाचन: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/adverbial)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: कदाचन (अव्यय)
• Form: कालवाचक-अव्यय (temporal adverb: ever/at any time)

Speakers

• Dharmic instruction within the Markandeya Purana’s didactic section (speaker not specified in the provided extract)

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "dharma", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes

• Dharma
• Self-restraint
• Brahmacarya-like caution (sense control)
• Decorum

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Decorum is both inner and outer: restraint from indulgence supports mental clarity, while disciplined posture reflects and reinforces disciplined consciousness.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

Ācāra-dharma guidance, not pañcalakṣaṇa narrative.

What is the esoteric significance?

The body is treated as a ‘ritual instrument’; careless posture and indulgence are seen as leaks of prāṇa and attention, weakening steadiness (dhṛti).