Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 16

Adhyaya 25Madālāsā’s Return, Royal Succession, and the First Teaching to Vikrānta

दुःखानि दुःखोपगमाय भोगान्सुखाय जानाति विमूढचेताः ।

तान्येव दुःखानि पुनः सुखानि जानात्यविद्वान्सुविमूढयेताः ॥

duḥkhāni duḥkhopagamāya bhogān sukhāya jānāti vimūḍhacetāḥ / tānyeva duḥkhāni punaḥ sukhāni jānāty avidvān suvimūḍhayetāḥ

مغلوب ذہن اُن بھوگوں کو—جو دکھ کے قریب لاتے ہیں—سکھ سمجھ کر اختیار کرتا ہے۔ جاہل، سخت پریشانیِ فہم میں، انہی دکھوں کو پھر سکھ ہی مان لیتا ہے۔

दुःखानिsufferings
दुःखानि:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootदुःख (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), द्वितीया (Accusative/2nd), बहुवचन (Plural)
दुःख-उपगमायfor the coming/attainment of suffering
दुःख-उपगमाय:
Sampradāna (सम्प्रदान/Goal-Dative)
TypeNoun
Rootदुःख (प्रातिपदिक) + उपगम (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुषसमास (determinative), पुल्लिङ्ग (Masculine), चतुर्थी (Dative/4th), एकवचन (Singular)
भोगान्enjoyments
भोगान्:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootभोग (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुल्लिङ्ग (Masculine), द्वितीया (Accusative/2nd), बहुवचन (Plural)
सुखायfor happiness
सुखाय:
Sampradāna (सम्प्रदान/Goal-Dative)
TypeNoun
Rootसुख (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), चतुर्थी (Dative/4th), एकवचन (Singular)
जानातिknows/considers
जानाति:
Kriyā (क्रिया/Predicate)
TypeVerb
Rootज्ञा (धातु)
Formलट् (Present), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन (Singular), परस्मैपद (Parasmaipada)
वि-मूढ-चेताःone whose mind is utterly deluded
वि-मूढ-चेताः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootवि (उपसर्ग) + मूढ (प्रातिपदिक) + चेतस् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formबहुव्रीहिसमास (possessive; ‘yasya cetāḥ vimūḍhaḥ’), पुल्लिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular)
तानिthose (same)
तानि:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम (pronoun), नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), द्वितीया (Accusative/2nd), बहुवचन (Plural)
एवindeed
एव:
Avadhāraṇa (अवधारण/Emphasis)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव (अव्यय)
Formअवधारणार्थक-अव्यय (emphatic particle)
दुःखानिsufferings
दुःखानि:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootदुःख (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), द्वितीया (Accusative/2nd), बहुवचन (Plural)
पुनःagain
पुनः:
Avyaya-bhāva (अव्ययभाव/Adverbial)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपुनः (अव्यय)
Formकाल/पुनरावृत्त्यर्थक-अव्यय (adverb: again)
सुखानिhappinesses/pleasures
सुखानि:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootसुख (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), द्वितीया (Accusative/2nd), बहुवचन (Plural)
जानातिknows/considers
जानाति:
Kriyā (क्रिया/Predicate)
TypeVerb
Rootज्ञा (धातु)
Formलट् (Present), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन (Singular), परस्मैपद (Parasmaipada)
अ-विद्वान्an ignorant person
अ-विद्वान्:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootअ (नञ्) + विद्वस् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनञ्-समास/नकार-प्रत्यय (negated), पुल्लिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular)
सु-विमूढ-चेताःone whose mind is very much deluded
सु-विमूढ-चेताः:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण/Qualifier)
TypeNoun
Rootसु (उपसर्ग/अव्यय) + वि (उपसर्ग) + मूढ (प्रातिपदिक) + चेतस् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formबहुव्रीहिसमास (possessive), पुल्लिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular) — अविद्वान् इति विशेषणम्/समनाधिकरणम्
Madālasā to her child

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "karuna", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Dukkha in sensualityAvidyā (ignorance)Viveka (discernment)Vairagya

FAQs

Sense-pleasures are misread as happiness though they generate suffering and dependence; discernment (viveka) is needed to avoid repeated self-deception.

A moral-psychological teaching within an upākhyāna; not a genealogical or cosmological pancalakṣaṇa component.

It indicates the cyclic reinforcement of saṃskāras: craving interprets pain as pleasure, sustaining saṃsāra through misperception.