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Shloka 21

Adhyaya 23Ashvatara’s Vow for Madalasa and the Bestowal of Musical Science by Sarasvati

सद्धर्मचारिणीं पत्नीं तां मुक्त्वा गजगामिनीम् ।

काञ्चिन्नाङ्गीकरिष्यामीत्येतत् सत्यं मयोदितम् ॥

saddharmacāriṇīṃ patnīṃ tāṃ muktvā gajagāminīm / kāñcin nāṅgīkariṣyāmīty etat satyaṃ mayoditam

نیک دھرم پر چلنے والی، ہاتھی چال والی اس زوجہ کے سوا میں کسی اور کو قبول نہ کروں گا؛ یہ میرا کہا ہوا سچ ہے۔

saddharmacāriṇīmpractising true dharma / virtuous
saddharmacāriṇīm:
Visheshana (विशेषण/Qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootsat-dharma-cāriṇī (प्रातिपदिक)
FormTatpuruṣa (कर्मधारय/षष्ठी-सम्बन्ध): sat (सत्=good) + dharma (धर्म) + cāriṇī (चारिणी=practising); Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन)
patnīmwife
patnīm:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootpatnī (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन)
tāmher
tām:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Roottad (प्रातिपदिक)
FormDemonstrative pronoun (तद्-सर्वनाम), Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन)
muktvāhaving abandoned / leaving
muktvā:
Purvakala (पूर्वकाल/Anterior action)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootmuc (धातु) + tvā (कृत्प्रत्यय)
FormAbsolutive/Gerund (क्त्वान्त), indeclinable (अव्ययभाव)
gajagāminīmelephant-gaited
gajagāminīm:
Visheshana (विशेषण/Qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootgaja-gāminī (प्रातिपदिक)
FormTatpuruṣa (कर्मधारय): gaja (गज=elephant) + gāminī (गामिनी=going); Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन)
kāñcitany (woman)
kāñcit:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootkim (प्रातिपदिक)
FormIndefinite pronoun (किम्), Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन)
nanot
na:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna (अव्यय)
FormNegation particle (निषेध-अव्यय)
aṅgīkariṣyāmiI will accept
aṅgīkariṣyāmi:
Kriya (क्रिया/Verb)
TypeVerb
Rootaṅgī-kṛ (धातु)
FormSimple Future (लृट्), Parasmaipada (परस्मैपद), 1st person (उत्तमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन)
itithus
iti:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Marker)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootiti (अव्यय)
FormQuotative particle (इति-निपात)
etatthis
etat:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootetad (प्रातिपदिक)
FormDemonstrative pronoun (एतद्-सर्वनाम), Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)
satyamtruth
satyam:
Pratipādya (प्रातिपाद्य/Apposition)
TypeNoun
Rootsatya (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन) (apposition to etat)
mayāby me
mayā:
Kartr-karana (कर्तृकरण/Agent-instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootasmad (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPronoun (सर्वनाम), Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Singular (एकवचन)
uditamspoken
uditam:
Visheshana (विशेषण/Qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootvad (धातु) + ta (क्त)
FormPast passive participle (क्त-कृदन्त), Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन) agreeing with etat satyam
Ṛtadhvaja

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "dharma", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Dharma of marriageSatyaPraise of virtuous spouseVow and identity

FAQs

The verse reinforces the dharmic ideal that a virtuous spouse is not replaceable; the speaker binds himself by satya to a standard of restraint and loyalty, presenting marital commitment as a moral vow rather than convenience.

Again, vaṃśānucarita-type instruction through narrative conduct; it is exemplary dharma rather than sarga/manvantara material.

By repeatedly sealing the vow with ‘satyam mayoditam,’ speech becomes a sacred act (vāk-śakti disciplined). Such truth-bound speech is portrayed as shaping destiny, a subtle purāṇic theme about the performative power of vow (vrata).