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Shloka 48

Adhyaya 2The Lineage of Garuda and the Birth of the Wise Birds: Kanka and Kandhara

न गन्तव्यं निवर्तध्वं कस्माद् व्रजथ कातराः ।

उत्सृज्य शौर्ययशसी क्व गताः न मरिष्यथ ॥

na gantavyaṃ nivartadhvaṃ kasmād vrajatha kātarāḥ | utsṛjya śauryayaśasī kva gatā na mariṣyatha ||

“مت جاؤ—پلٹ آؤ! تم بزدلوں کی طرح کیوں بھاگتے ہو؟ شجاعت اور عزت چھوڑ کر تم کہاں جاؤ گے جہاں موت نہ آئے؟”

not
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Negation)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; निषेध (negation)
गन्तव्यम्should be gone / (you) should go
गन्तव्यम्:
Kriya (क्रिया/Obligatory predicate)
TypeVerb
Rootगम् (धातु)
Formतव्यत्-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त (gerundive/obligation), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; विधेय (must be gone/should go)
निवर्तध्वम्turn back!
निवर्तध्वम्:
Kriya (क्रिया/Command)
TypeVerb
Rootनि+वृत् (धातु)
Formलोट् (Imperative), आत्मनेपद, मध्यमपुरुष (2nd person), बहुवचन
कस्मात्from what cause?/why
कस्मात्:
Hetu/Apadana (हेतु/अपादान/Reason-Source)
TypeNoun
Rootकिम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुं/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी (5th/Ablative), एकवचन; प्रश्नार्थक
व्रजथdo you go
व्रजथ:
Kriya (क्रिया/Verb)
TypeVerb
Rootव्रज् (धातु)
Formलट् (Present), परस्मैपद, मध्यमपुरुष, बहुवचन
कातराःO timid ones!
कातराः:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन/Vocative)
TypeNoun
Rootकातर (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; संबोधनार्थे प्रथमा (vocative sense)
उत्सृज्यhaving abandoned
उत्सृज्य:
Purvakala-kriya (पूर्वकालक्रिया/Gerund)
TypeVerb
Rootउत्+सृज् (धातु)
Formक्त्वान्त अव्यय (gerund/absolutive)
शौर्ययशसीvalor and fame
शौर्ययशसी:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootशौर्य-यशस् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, द्विवचन; समासः द्वन्द्वः (शौर्यं च यशश्च)
क्वwhere
क्व:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Interrogative)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootक्व (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; प्रश्नार्थक स्थानवाचक (where?)
गताःgone
गताः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject predicate)
TypeVerb
Rootगम् (धातु)
Formक्त-प्रत्ययान्त (past participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; ‘यूयम्’ (understood)
not
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Negation)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; निषेध
मरिष्यथyou will die
मरिष्यथ:
Kriya (क्रिया/Verb)
TypeVerb
Rootमृ (धातु)
Formलृट् (Simple Future), परस्मैपद, मध्यमपुरुष, बहुवचन
Unspecified from the provided extract (context-dependent within Adhyaya 2)

{ "primaryRasa": "vira", "secondaryRasa": "raudra", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

DharmaKshatriya-ethic / valorMortalityHonor (yaśas)

FAQs

The verse argues that fleeing out of fear is both dishonorable and futile: death is inescapable, so one should uphold dharma with courage rather than abandon one’s duty for temporary safety.

This is not a direct pancalakṣaṇa unit (sarga/pratisarga/vaṃśa/manvantara/vaṃśānucarita). It belongs to vaṃśānucarita-style narrative/ethical exhortation within the Purāṇic storytelling frame.

On a symbolic level, ‘turn back’ can be read as returning from tamas (panic, collapse of will) to sattva (steadiness) and dharmic resolve; the reminder of universal mortality cuts delusion and forces right action without attachment to mere survival.