Shloka 3

Adhyaya 2 — The Lineage of Garuda and the Birth of the Wise Birds: Kanka and Kandhara

Sanskrit

तस्यापि तनयावास्तां कङ्कः कन्धर एव च ।

Transliteration

tasyāpi tanayāvāstāṃ kaṅkaḥ kandhara eva ca

Translation

اس کے بھی دو بیٹے تھے—کنک اور کندھر۔

Word by Word

• tasya: of him
• tasya: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Singular

• api: also
• api: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: api (अव्यय)
• Form: Particle (अपि) = also

• tanayau: two sons
• tanayau: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tanaya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Dual (द्विवचन)

• āstām: there were
• āstām: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √as (धातु)
• Form: Liṭ (perfect/लिट्) or Vedic-style perfect form used as past narrative; 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Dual (द्विवचन), Parasmaipada; ‘there were’

• kaṅkaḥ: Kaṅka
• kaṅkaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kaṅka (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative Singular

• kandharaḥ: Kandhara
• kandharaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kandhara (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative Singular

• eva: indeed
• eva: Avadhāraṇa (अवधारण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: eva (अव्यय)
• Form: Emphatic particle (अवधारण)

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Conjunction (समुच्चय)

Speakers

• Narratorial voice (Purāṇic narrator continuing a lineage list; frame-speaker not explicit in this single pāda)

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes

• Genealogy
• Dynastic succession
• Itihāsa-style lineage preservation

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

The verse is primarily archival rather than didactic: it preserves lineage memory (vaṃśa-smṛti), reflecting the Purāṇic emphasis on continuity of dharma through dynastic succession and named transmission across generations.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

This falls under Vaṃśa (genealogies of sages/kings) and supports Vaṃśānucarita (accounts of dynasties) by enumerating descendants in sequence.

What is the esoteric significance?

On an esoteric reading, naming the successors signals the ‘unbroken thread’ (paramparā) of order in time—how social and ritual obligations are carried forward through embodied lines, even when no explicit ritual teaching is stated.