Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 34

Adhyaya 16The Son’s Counsel on Renunciation and the Anasuya–Mandavya Episode: The Suspension of Sunrise and the Power of Pativrata

अहोरात्रव्यवस्थाया विना मासर्तुसंक्षयः ।

तत्संक्षयान्न त्वयने ज्ञायेते दक्षिणोत्तरे ॥

ahorātravyavasthāyā vinā māsartusaṃkṣayaḥ |

tatsaṃkṣayānna tvayane jñāyete dakṣiṇottare ||

اگر دن اور رات، مہینوں اور موسموں کی باقاعدہ ترتیب نہ رہے تو وہ بکھر جائے گی؛ اور جب وہ بکھر جائے تو دَکْشِنايَن اور اُتَّرايَن—یہ دونوں بھی معلوم نہیں رہتے۔

ahorātra-vyavasthāyāḥfrom (the) arrangement of day and night
ahorātra-vyavasthāyāḥ:
Apādāna (अपादान)
TypeNoun
Rootahaḥ + rātra + vyavasthā (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Ablative (5th: पञ्चमी), Singular (एकवचन); compound: ahorātra (dvandva-like lexical) + vyavasthā; sense: 'from/without the arrangement of day and night'
vināwithout
vinā:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/उपपद)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootvinā (अव्यय)
FormPrepositional indeclinable (उपपद-अव्यय) governing instrumental/ablative sense; here 'without'
māsa-ṛtu-saṃkṣayaḥthe (proper) sequence/reckoning of months and seasons
māsa-ṛtu-saṃkṣayaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootmāsa + ṛtu + saṃkṣaya (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st: प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); dvandva of māsa and ṛtu as members qualifying saṃkṣaya ('the reckoning/sequence of months and seasons')
tat-saṃkṣayātfrom that reckoning/sequence
tat-saṃkṣayāt:
Apādāna (अपादान)
TypeNoun
Roottat (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक) + saṃkṣaya (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Ablative (5th: पञ्चमी), Singular (एकवचन); tat qualifies saṃkṣaya
nanot
na:
Nipāta (निपात)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna (अव्यय)
FormNegation particle (निषेध-निपात)
tubut/indeed
tu:
Nipāta (निपात)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottu (अव्यय)
FormAdversative particle (विरोध/विशेषार्थ-निपात)
ayanein the two solstitial courses (ayanas)
ayane:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootayana (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Locative (7th: सप्तमी), Dual (द्विवचन); 'in the two ayanas'
jñāyeteare known/recognized
jñāyete:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√jñā (ज्ञा)
FormPresent tense (लट्), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Dual (द्विवचन); Ātmanepada (आत्मनेपद); passive-like sense 'are known/are ascertained'
dakṣiṇa-uttarethe southern and the northern (ayana)
dakṣiṇa-uttare:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootdakṣiṇa + uttara (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st: प्रथमा), Dual (द्विवचन); dvandva naming the pair
Devas (collective voice) continuing the argument about cosmic order

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "adbhuta", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Sūrya (implied by ayana and timekeeping)Devas (collective)
CosmologyCalendar/timeDharmaRitual order

FAQs

Regularity (niyama) is presented as the backbone of both ritual life and cosmic intelligibility: when basic rhythms (day/night) are disrupted, higher-order structures (seasons, ayanas) become unintelligible—an ethical warning against negligence of sustaining practices.

Touches Sarga/Pratisarga indirectly by describing the operational order of creation (kāla-vyavasthā). It also supports Manvantara-style chronology by grounding how larger temporal divisions are recognized.

Day/night can be read as prāṇa’s alternations and awareness cycles; months/seasons as subtler periodicities. Losing the ‘ahorātra’ discipline symbolizes loss of inner rhythm, making higher discernment (ayana—direction of spiritual course) impossible.