Shloka 70

Adhyaya 10 — Jaimini’s Questions on Birth, Death, Karma, and the Embodied Journey

Sanskrit

कलेवरे दह्यमाने महान्तं दाहमृच्छति ।

ताड्यमाने तथैवार्तिं छिद्यमाने च दारुणाम् ॥

Transliteration

kalevare dahyamāne mahāntaṃ dāham ṛcchati /

tāḍyamāne tathaivārtiṃ chidyamāne ca dāruṇām

Translation

جب جسم جلایا جاتا ہے تو وہ شدید جلَن محسوس کرتا ہے؛ جب اسے مارا جاتا ہے تو اسی طرح درد ہوتا ہے؛ اور جب کاٹا جاتا ہے تو ہولناک اذیت۔

Word by Word

• kalevare: in the body
• kalevare: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kalevara (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular (एकवचन), Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग)

• dahyamāne: while being burnt
• dahyamāne: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: dah (दह् धातु) + śānac (शानच्)
• Form: Present passive participle (वर्तमानकाले कर्मणि शानच्), Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular (एकवचन), Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग)

• mahāntam: great
• mahāntam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: mahant (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन), Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग); qualifying 'dāham'

• dāham: burning pain
• dāham: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: dāha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन), Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग)

• ṛcchati: attains / experiences
• ṛcchati: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: ṛ (ऋ धातु; गत्यर्थ)
• Form: Present tense (लट्), Parasmaipada (परस्मैपद), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन)

• tāḍyamāne: while being beaten
• tāḍyamāne: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: tāḍ (ताड् धातु) + śānac (शानच्)
• Form: Present passive participle (वर्तमानकाले कर्मणि शानच्), Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular (एकवचन), Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग)

• tathā: likewise
• tathā: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tathā (अव्यय)
• Form: Adverb (क्रियाविशेषण अव्यय)

• eva: indeed
• eva: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: eva (अव्यय)
• Form: Emphatic particle (निश्चय/अवधारण अव्यय)

• ārtim: distress
• ārtim: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ārti (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन), Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग)

• chidyamāne: while being cut
• chidyamāne: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: chid (छिद् धातु) + śānac (शानच्)
• Form: Present passive participle (वर्तमानकाले कर्मणि शानच्), Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular (एकवचन), Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग)

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Conjunction particle (समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय)

• dāruṇām: terrible
• dāruṇām: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: dāruṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन), Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग); agreeing with 'ārtim'

Speakers

• Frame-dialogue context not explicit in the provided excerpt (likely an instructive narration within Adhyaya 10)

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "karuna", "secondaryRasa": "bhayanaka", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes

• Subtle continuity after death
• Pain and attachment
• Karmic embodiment

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

The verse warns that attachment and karmic conditioning can prolong suffering even beyond clinical death, reinforcing the value of spiritual discipline and ethical living that purifies the mind.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

A karmaphala/psychological-ethical teaching passage rather than a pancalakṣaṇa segment.

What is the esoteric significance?

It points to residual identification (ahaṃkāra/saṃskāra) persisting after bodily death—pain is presented as a function of subtle continuity until detachment and karmic exhaustion occur.