Shloka 56

Adhyaya 10 — Jaimini’s Questions on Birth, Death, Karma, and the Embodied Journey

Sanskrit

शीतं जयन्तीन्धनदास्तापं चन्दनदायिनः ।

प्राणघ्नीं वेदनां कष्टां ये चानुद्वेगकारिणः ॥

Transliteration

śītaṃ jayantīndhanadās tāpaṃ candanadāyinaḥ / prāṇaghnīṃ vedanāṃ kaṣṭāṃ ye cānudvegakāriṇaḥ

Translation

جو ایندھن عطا کرتے ہیں وہ سردی پر غالب آتے ہیں؛ جو صندل دیتے ہیں وہ گرمی سے بچ جاتے ہیں۔ مگر جو دوسروں کو اذیت دیتے ہیں وہ جان لیوا سخت درد بھگتتے ہیں۔

Word by Word

• śītam: cold (torment)
• śītam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: śīta (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन)

• jayantī: (a fever/illness called) Jayantī
• jayantī: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: jayantī (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)

• indhanadāḥ: fuel-givers (causing burning)
• indhanadāḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: indhana-dā (प्रातिपदिक; indhana + dā)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन)

• tāpam: heat, burning pain
• tāpam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tāpa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन)

• candanadāyinaḥ: sandalwood-givers (cooling agents)
• candanadāyinaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: candana-dāyin (प्रातिपदिक; candana + dāyin)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन)

• prāṇaghnīm: life-destroying
• prāṇaghnīm: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: prāṇa-ghnī (प्रातिपदिक; prāṇa + ghnī)
• Form: Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन); adjective qualifying vedanām

• vedanām: pain, agony
• vedanām: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vedanā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन)

• kaṣṭām: severe, distressing
• kaṣṭām: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: kaṣṭa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन); adjective qualifying vedanām

• ye: who (those who)
• ye: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yad (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन); relative pronoun

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Conjunction (समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय)

• anudvegakāriṇaḥ: causers of calmness (non-agitation)
• anudvegakāriṇaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: anudvega-kārin (प्रातिपदिक; anudvega + kārin)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन)

Speakers

• Unspecified in provided excerpt (didactic narration)

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "dharma", "secondaryRasa": "bhayanaka", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes

• Dharma
• Dāna (fuel, sandalwood)
• Compassion vs cruelty
• Karmaphala
• Suffering at death

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Charity is mapped to specific relief: giving warmth (fuel) and coolness (sandalwood) returns as protection from cold and heat. Conversely, harming others by causing agitation/distress yields intense suffering.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

Ancillary dharma instruction.

What is the esoteric significance?

Cold/heat can be read as extremes of experience; dāna that restores balance cultivates inner equilibrium, while cruelty destabilizes prāṇa, ripening as ‘prāṇaghnī vedanā’ at the end.