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Shloka 12

कामद्रुम-रूपकः तथा शरीर-पुर-रूपकः

The Desire-Tree and the Body-as-City Metaphors

एवं पूर्वापरे काले युञ्जन्नात्मानमात्मनि । लघ्वाहारो विशुद्धात्मा पश्यत्यात्मानमात्मनि

vyāsa uvāca |

evaṁ pūrvāpare kāle yuñjann ātmānam ātmani |

laghvāhāro viśuddhātmā paśyaty ātmānam ātmani ||

vāyoḥ sparśo raso 'dbhyas tejasaḥ rūpam ucyate |

ākāśa-prabhavaḥ śabdo gandho bhūmi-guṇaḥ smṛtaḥ ||

ویاس نے کہا—جو شخص رات کے پہلے اور پچھلے پہروں میں ہلکی غذا پر رہ کر، باطن کو پاک کر کے، اپنے نفس کو نفسِ اعلیٰ (آتما) میں یکسو کرتا ہے، وہ اپنے ہی اندر آتما کا دیدار کر لیتا ہے۔ اور عناصر کی صفات یوں بتائی گئی ہیں: ہوا کی صفت لمس ہے، پانی کی صفت ذائقہ، اور آگ کی صفت صورت/رُوپ؛ آکاش سے آواز پیدا ہوتی ہے، اور خوشبو زمین کی صفت سمجھی گئی ہے۔

एवम्thus
एवम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएवम्
पूर्वin the earlier (part)
पूर्व:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootपूर्व
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
अपरेin the later (part)
अपरे:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootअपर
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
कालेin time/at the time
काले:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootकाल
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
युञ्जन्joining/engaging
युञ्जन्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootयुज्
Formशतृ (present active participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
आत्मानम्the self
आत्मानम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootआत्मन्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
आत्मनिin the self
आत्मनि:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootआत्मन्
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
लघुlight (in food/intake)
लघु:
TypeAdjective
Rootलघु
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
आहारःfood/intake
आहारः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootआहार
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
विशुद्धpurified
विशुद्ध:
TypeAdjective
Rootविशुद्ध
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
आत्माone whose self/mind is (so)
आत्मा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootआत्मन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
पश्यतिsees
पश्यति:
TypeVerb
Rootदृश्
FormPresent (Lat), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
आत्मानम्the self
आत्मानम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootआत्मन्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
आत्मनिin the self
आत्मनि:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootआत्मन्
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
वायोःof air/wind
वायोः:
TypeNoun
Rootवायु
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
स्पर्शःtouch
स्पर्शः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootस्पर्श
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
रसःtaste/flavor
रसः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootरस
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अद्भ्यःfrom the waters
अद्भ्यः:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootअप्
FormFeminine, Ablative, Plural
ज्योतिषःof fire/light
ज्योतिषः:
TypeNoun
Rootज्योतिस्
FormNeuter, Genitive, Singular
रूपम्form/color
रूपम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootरूप
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
उच्यतेis said/is stated
उच्यते:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPresent (Lat), 3rd, Singular, Atmanepada (passive)
आकाशof ether/space
आकाश:
TypeNoun
Rootआकाश
FormNeuter, Genitive, Singular
प्रभवःarising/originating
प्रभवः:
TypeNoun
Rootप्रभव
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
शब्दःsound
शब्दः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootशब्द
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
गन्धःsmell
गन्धः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootगन्ध
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
भूमिof earth
भूमि:
TypeNoun
Rootभूमि
FormFeminine, Genitive, Singular
गुणःquality
गुणः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootगुण
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
स्मृतःis remembered/considered
स्मृतः:
TypeVerb
Rootस्मृ
Formक्त (past passive participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular

व्यास उवाच

V
Vyāsa
Ā
ātman
V
vāyu (air)
A
ap (water)
T
tejas/jyotis (fire/light)
Ā
ākāśa (space/ether)
B
bhūmi (earth)

Educational Q&A

Disciplined meditation supported by moderation in food and inner purity leads to direct realization of the Self; alongside this, the verse recalls the classical mapping of sensory qualities to the five great elements (sound-space, touch-air, form-fire, taste-water, smell-earth).

In Vyāsa’s instruction within Śānti Parva, the discourse shifts from practical yogic regimen (night-time practice, light diet, purified mind) to a doctrinal explanation of how perception relates to the elemental constitution of the world, reinforcing a contemplative, knowledge-oriented path.