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Shloka 15

Brahmā’s Instruction on Brahmacarya, Vānaprastha, and the Aliṅga Path

Ethics of Non-attachment

दान्तो मैत्र: क्षमायुक्त: केशान्‌ श्मश्रुच धारयन्‌ । जुद्दन्‌ स्वाध्यायशीलश्च सत्यधर्मपरायण:

dānto maitraḥ kṣamāyuktaḥ keśān śmaśrū ca dhārayan | juhvan svādhyāyaśīlaś ca satyadharmaparāyaṇaḥ ||

وایو نے کہا—وہ ضبطِ نفس والا ہو، سب کے ساتھ دوستی سے پیش آئے، بردبار ہو، اور سر کے بال اور داڑھی مونچھ قائم رکھے۔ وقت پر اگنی ہوترا انجام دے، ویدوں کے سوادھیائے میں مشغول رہے، اور سچائی و دھرم میں ثابت قدم رہے۔

दान्तःself-controlled, restrained
दान्तः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootदान्त (√दम्)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
मैत्रःfriendly, benevolent
मैत्रः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootमैत्र
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
क्षमायुक्तःendowed with forgiveness
क्षमायुक्तः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootक्षमा + युक्त
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
केशान्hair (of the head)
केशान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकेश
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
श्मश्रुbeard/moustache (facial hair)
श्मश्रु:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootश्मश्रु
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
धारयन्bearing, keeping (wearing/letting grow)
धारयन्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Root√धृ
Formशतृ (present active participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
जुह्वन्offering (into fire), performing oblations
जुह्वन्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Root√हु
Formशतृ (present active participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
स्वाध्यायशीलःhabitually devoted to self-study (of the Veda)
स्वाध्यायशीलः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootस्वाध्याय + शील
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
सत्यधर्मपरायणःdevoted to truth and dharma
सत्यधर्मपरायणः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसत्य + धर्म + परायण
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

वायुदेव उवाच

V
Vāyu (Vāyudeva)
A
Agnihotra (sacred fire rite)
V
Veda (svādhyāya)

Educational Q&A

The verse prescribes an ethical-ritual ideal: mastery of the senses (dama), friendliness (maitrī), forgiveness (kṣamā), outward marks of a disciplined life (keeping hair and beard), regular fire-offerings (agnihotra), steady Vedic study (svādhyāya), and unwavering commitment to truth and dharma.

Vāyu is speaking as an instructor, laying down conduct and observances—both inner virtues and outer duties—that define a righteous life in the Ashvamedhika Parva’s didactic context.