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Shloka 14

Brahmā’s Instruction on Brahmacarya, Vānaprastha, and the Aliṅga Path

Ethics of Non-attachment

देवतातिथि पूर्व च सदा प्राश्नीत वाग्यत: । अस्पर्धितमनाश्चैव लघ्वाशी देवताश्रय:,नित्य प्रति पहले देवता और अतिथियोंको भोजन दे, उसके बाद मौन होकर स्वयं अन्न ग्रहण करे। मनमें किसीके साथ स्पर्धा न रखे, हलका भोजन करे, देवताओंका सहारा ले

devatātithi-pūrvaṃ ca sadā prāśnīyāt vāg-yataḥ | aspardhitamanāś caiva laghv-āśī devatā-śrayaḥ ||

وایو نے کہا—انسان کو چاہیے کہ ہمیشہ پہلے دیوتاؤں اور مہمانوں کو کھانا پیش کرے؛ پھر خاموشی اور ضبطِ نفس کے ساتھ اپنا کھانا کھائے۔ دل میں کسی کے ساتھ رقابت نہ رکھے، ہلکا کھانا کھائے اور نِتّی دیوتاؤں کی پناہ میں رہے۔

देवतान्the gods
देवतान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootदेव (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
अतिथीन्guests
अतिथीन्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअतिथि (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
पूर्वम्first, beforehand
पूर्वम्:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपूर्व (प्रातिपदिक)
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
सदाalways
सदा:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसदा
प्राश्नीयात्should eat/partake
प्राश्नीयात्:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र + अश् (धातु)
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
वाक्यतःin silence / restrained in speech
वाक्यतः:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवाक्यतस् (अव्यय; तसिल्-प्रत्ययान्त)
अस्पर्धितमनाःone whose mind is free from rivalry
अस्पर्धितमनाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअस्पर्धित-मनस् (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
एवindeed, just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
लघ्वाशीone who eats lightly
लघ्वाशी:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootलघु-आशिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
देवताश्रयःone who takes refuge in the gods
देवताश्रयः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootदेवता-आश्रय (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

वायुदेव उवाच

V
Vāyu (Vāyudeva)
D
devatāḥ (the gods)
A
atithi (guest)

Educational Q&A

Prioritize dharmic giving—first honor the gods and guests with food—then eat oneself with restraint. Cultivate inner purity by avoiding rivalry and envy, practice moderation in diet, and maintain a devotional reliance on the divine.

Vāyudeva is instructing a code of conduct centered on daily discipline: hospitality and offerings come before personal consumption, speech is restrained during eating, the mind is kept free of competitive hostility, and one lives with faith in divine order.