Shloka 23

Tilā-Dāna, Dīpa-Dāna, and Nitya-Jalapradāna

Yama–Brāhmaṇa Saṃvāda) | तिलदान-दीपदान-नित्यजलप्रदान (यम-ब्राह्मण संवाद

Devanagari script

कालशाकं तु विप्रे भ्यो दत्त्वा मर्त्य: समूलकम्‌ | ज्येष्ठायामृद्धिमिष्टां वै गतिमिष्टां स गच्छति

Transliteration

kālaśākaṃ tu viprebhyo dattvā martyaḥ samūlakam | jyeṣṭhāyām ṛddhim iṣṭāṃ vai gatim iṣṭāṃ sa gacchati ||

Translation

نارد نے کہا—جَیَیشٹھا نکشتر کے وقت جو فانی برہمنوں کو موسم کے مطابق ساگ جڑ سمیت دان کرتا ہے، وہ مطلوبہ خوشحالی اور مطلوبہ نیک گتی حاصل کرتا ہے۔

Word by Word

• कालशाकम्: seasonal greens (lit. time-appropriate vegetable)
• कालशाकम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: कालशाक
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• तु: but/indeed
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु

• विप्रेभ्यः: to the Brahmins
• विप्रेभ्यः: Sampradana
• Type: Noun
• Root: विप्र
• Form: Masculine, Dative, Plural

• दत्त्वा: having given
• Type: Verb
• Root: दा
• Form: क्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral here)

• मर्त्यः: a mortal/man
• मर्त्यः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: मर्त्य
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• समूलकम्: with roots (i.e., along with radish/root-vegetable)
• समूलकम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: समूलक
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• ज्येष्ठायाम्: in (the) Jyeṣṭhā (nakṣatra)
• ज्येष्ठायाम्: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: ज्येष्ठा
• Form: Feminine, Locative, Singular

• ऋद्धिम्: prosperity
• ऋद्धिम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: ऋद्धि
• Form: Feminine, Accusative, Singular

• इष्टाम्: desired
• Type: Adjective
• Root: इष्ट
• Form: Feminine, Accusative, Singular, क्त (past passive participle used adjectivally)

• वै: indeed/certainly
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: वै

• गतिम्: course/destination (here: good state/afterlife)
• गतिम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: गति
• Form: Feminine, Accusative, Singular

• इष्टाम्: desired
• Type: Adjective
• Root: इष्ट
• Form: Feminine, Accusative, Singular, क्त (past passive participle used adjectivally)

• सः: he
• सः: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• गच्छति: goes/attains
• Type: Verb
• Root: गम्
• Form: Present, Indicative, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada

Speaker

नारद उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Nārada
• vipra (Brahmins)
• Jyeṣṭhā (nakṣatra)
• kālaśāka (seasonal greens)
• mūla (root)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Even modest gifts, when offered with proper timing and to worthy recipients, become powerful acts of dharma that yield both desired prosperity (ṛddhi) and a favorable spiritual destiny (gati).

What is happening in the narrative?

Nārada is describing a specific meritorious observance: donating seasonally appropriate greens along with their roots to Brahmins during the Jyeṣṭhā nakṣatra, and he states the beneficial results of that act.