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Shloka 30

Rudra-Śiva: Names, Two Natures, and the Logic of Epithets (रुद्रनाम-बहुरूपत्व-प्रकरणम्)

श्रीमहेश्वर उवाच (एतत्ते कथयिष्यामि यत्ते देवि मन:प्रियम्‌ । शृणु तत्‌ सर्वमखिलं धर्म वर्णाश्रमाश्रितम्‌ ।।

śrīmaheśvara uvāca |

etatte kathayiṣyāmi yatte devi manaḥ-priyam |

śṛṇu tat sarvamakhilaṁ dharmaṁ varṇāśramāśritam ||

شری مہیشور نے فرمایا: “اے دیوی! جو دھرم کا مضمون تمہارے دل کو بھاتا ہے، وہ میں تمہیں بتاؤں گا۔ ورن اور آشرم کے ڈھانچے پر قائم تمام دھرم کی پوری بات سنو۔”

श्रीमहेश्वरःŚrī Maheśvara (Lord Śiva)
श्रीमहेश्वरः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootश्रीमहेश्वर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect, Third, Singular
एतत्this
एतत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
तेto you
ते:
Sampradana
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
FormDative, Singular
कथयिष्यामिI will tell
कथयिष्यामि:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootकथय्
FormFuture, First, Singular
यत्which
यत्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
तेof you/your
ते:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
FormGenitive, Singular
देविO goddess
देवि:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootदेवी
FormFeminine, Vocative, Singular
मनःmind
मनः:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootमनस्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
प्रियम्dear/pleasing
प्रियम्:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रिय
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
शृणुlisten
शृणु:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootश्रु
FormImperative, Second, Singular
तत्that
तत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
सर्वम्all
सर्वम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
अखिलम्entire, whole
अखिलम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootअखिल
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
धर्मम्dharma, duty/law
धर्मम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
वर्णाश्रमाश्रितम्based on varṇa and āśrama
वर्णाश्रमाश्रितम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootवर्ण-आश्रम-आश्रित
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
ब्राह्मणाःBrahmins
ब्राह्मणाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootब्राह्मण
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
क्षत्रियाःKṣatriyas
क्षत्रियाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootक्षत्रिय
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
वैश्याःVaiśyas
वैश्याः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootवैश्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
शूद्राःŚūdras
शूद्राः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootशूद्र
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
and
:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Root
चतुर्विधम्fourfold
चतुर्विधम्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootचतुर्विध
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
ब्रह्मणाby Brahmā
ब्रह्मणा:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootब्रह्मन्
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
विहिताःordained, established
विहिताः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootवि-धा
FormPast (PPP), Masculine, Nominative, Plural
पूर्वम्formerly, at first
पूर्वम्:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपूर्व
लोकतन्त्रम्order/system of the world
लोकतन्त्रम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootलोकतन्त्र
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
अभीप्सताdesiring
अभीप्सता:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootअभि-ईप्स्
FormPresent (active participle), Masculine, Instrumental, Singular
कर्माणिactions, duties
कर्माणि:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकर्मन्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Plural
and
:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Root
तत्of that (of them)
तत्:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Genitive, Singular
अर्हाणिappropriate, fit
अर्हाणि:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअर्ह
FormNeuter, Nominative, Plural
शास्त्रेषुin the scriptures
शास्त्रेषु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootशास्त्र
FormNeuter, Locative, Plural
विहितानिprescribed
विहितानि:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootवि-धा
FormPast (PPP), Neuter, Nominative, Plural
वैindeed
वै:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवै

श्रीमहेश्वर उवाच

Ś
Śrī Maheśvara (Śiva)
D
Devī (Goddess, Pārvatī)

Educational Q&A

The verse frames dharma as something to be understood comprehensively through the varṇa–āśrama structure, presenting it as an ordered, teachable system rather than a purely personal preference.

Śiva (Maheśvara) addresses Devī and announces that he will now explain, in full, the doctrine of dharma grounded in varṇas and āśramas—serving as a preface to a longer instructional section.