Shloka 9

Devanagari script

संवत्सरं तु पतितैः संसर्गं कुरुते तु यः / यानशय्यासनैर्नित्यं जानन् वै पतितो भवेत्

Transliteration

saṃvatsaraṃ tu patitaiḥ saṃsargaṃ kurute tu yaḥ / yānaśayyāsanairnityaṃ jānan vai patito bhavet

Translation

جو جانتے بوجھتے گرے ہوئے لوگوں کے ساتھ پورا ایک سال میل جول رکھے اور ہمیشہ ان کے ساتھ سواری، بستر اور نشست شریک کرے، وہ بھی یقیناً پتِت (گرا ہوا) ہو جاتا ہے۔

Word by Word

• संवत्सरम्: for a year
• संवत्सरम्: Kāla-adhikaraṇa (कालाधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: संवत्सर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन; काल-अवधि (duration)

• तु: but
• तु: Avyaya (अव्यय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु (अव्यय)
• Form: निपात (particle), contrast

• पतितैः: with outcastes/fallen persons
• पतितैः: Sahakaraka (सह/साधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पतित (प्रातिपदिक; from पत् (धातु) + क्त)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd), बहुवचन

• संसर्गम्: association/contact
• संसर्गम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: संसर्ग (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन

• कुरुते: does/makes
• कुरुते: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ (धातु)
• Form: लट्-लकार (Present), आत्मनेपद, प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन

• तु: indeed/but
• तु: Avyaya (अव्यय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु (अव्यय)
• Form: निपात (particle)

• यः: who
• यः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; सम्बन्धक

• यान-शय्या-आसनैः: by/with vehicles, beds, and seats
• यान-शय्या-आसनैः: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यान (प्रातिपदिक) + शय्या (प्रातिपदिक) + आसन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd), बहुवचन; इतरेतर-द्वन्द्व—‘by vehicles, beds, and seats’

• नित्यम्: always
• नित्यम्: Avyaya (अव्यय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: नित्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: क्रियाविशेषण (adverb) ‘always’ (avyayībhāva-usage of neuter acc.)

• जानन्: knowing
• जानन्: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Verb
• Root: ज्ञा (धातु) → जानत् (कृदन्त, शतृ)
• Form: वर्तमानकृदन्त (present active participle, शतृ), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; कर्तरि—‘knowing (it)’

• वै: indeed
• वै: Avyaya (अव्यय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: वै (अव्यय)
• Form: निपात (particle), emphatic

• पतितः: fallen/outcaste
• पतितः: Kartṛ-samānādhikaraṇa (कर्तृसमानाधिकरण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पतित (प्रातिपदिक; from पत् (धातु) + क्त)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; विधेय-विशेषण (predicate adjective)

• भवेत्: would become
• भवेत्: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: भू (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (Optative), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन

Speaker

Kurma (Vishnu) instructing sages on dharma and the ethics of association (saṅga)

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: bhayanaka

Secondary Rasa: karuna

Characters & Entities

• Kurma (Vishnu)
• patita (fallen persons)

More Details (3 sections)

FAQs

How does this verse explain the nature of the Supreme Self (Atman)?

Indirectly: it emphasizes that spiritual progress depends on disciplined conduct (dharma) and purity of association, which supports steadiness of mind needed for Self-knowledge.

What Yoga or Meditative practices are highlighted here?

No specific technique is named; the verse gives a foundational yogic ethic—guarding saṅga (company) and daily habits—seen as necessary preparation for mantra, meditation, and Pāśupata-style discipline.

How does this verse depict the relationship between Shiva and Vishnu?

It does not explicitly discuss Shiva–Vishnu unity; it reflects the shared puranic dharma framework that undergirds both Shaiva and Vaishnava paths, especially the emphasis on purity and right conduct.