Shloka 84

Daily Duties of Brāhmaṇas: Snāna, Sandhyā, Sūrya-hṛdaya, Japa, Tarpaṇa, and the Pañca-mahāyajñas

Devanagari script

प्रदक्षिणं समावृत्य नमस्कृत्वा ततः क्षितौ / आचम्य च यथाशास्त्रं शक्त्या स्वाध्यायमाचरेत्

Transliteration

pradakṣiṇaṃ samāvṛtya namaskṛtvā tataḥ kṣitau / ācamya ca yathāśāstraṃ śaktyā svādhyāyamācaret

Translation

پرَدَکشِنا پوری کر کے پھر زمین پر سجدۂ تعظیم کرے؛ اور شاستر کے حکم کے مطابق آچمن کر کے، اپنی استطاعت کے مطابق سوادھیائے اور جپ کرے۔

Word by Word

• प्रदक्षिणम्: circumambulation
• प्रदक्षिणम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्रदक्षिण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (कर्म), एकवचन; ‘प्रदक्षिणा’ (circumambulation)

• समावृत्य: having completed
• समावृत्य: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Verb
• Root: सम् + आ + वृत् (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त अव्ययकृदन्त (gerund), ‘having completed/returned after’

• नमस्कृत्वा: having bowed
• नमस्कृत्वा: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Verb
• Root: नमस् + कृ (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त अव्ययकृदन्त; ‘having saluted’

• ततः: then/thereafter
• ततः: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ततः (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; क्रियाविशेषण (thereafter)

• क्षितौ: on the ground
• क्षितौ: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: क्षिति (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति (अधिकरण), एकवचन

• आचम्य: having performed ācamana
• आचम्य: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Verb
• Root: आ + चम (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त अव्ययकृदन्त

• च: and
• च: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चय

• यथा-शास्त्रम्: according to the scripture
• यथा-शास्त्रम्: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यथा (अव्यय) + शास्त्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्ययीभावसमास; क्रियाविशेषण—‘शास्त्रानुसारम्’

• शक्त्या: with (one’s) ability
• शक्त्या: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शक्ति (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति (करण), एकवचन

• स्वाध्यायम्: self-study/recitation (of Veda)
• स्वाध्यायम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: स्वाध्याय (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (कर्म), एकवचन

• आचरेत्: should practice/perform
• आचरेत्: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: आ + चर् (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ्, परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन

Speaker

Lord Kurma (Vishnu) instructing sages on dharma and ritual discipline

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: bhakti

Characters & Entities

• Kurma
• Vishnu
• Svadhyaya
• Shastra
• Achamana
• Pradakshina

More Details (4 sections)

FAQs

How does this verse explain the nature of the Supreme Self (Atman)?

Indirectly: it presents disciplined svādhyāya—scriptural recitation and reflection—as a primary means to purify the mind and prepare it for Self-knowledge (ātma-jñāna), which the Kurma Purana frames within an Ishvara-centered (Śiva–Viṣṇu harmonious) spiritual path.

What Yoga or Meditative practices are highlighted here?

It emphasizes preparatory sādhana: reverential movement (pradakṣiṇā), prostration (namaskāra), ritual purification (ācamana), and then svādhyāya. In Kurma Purana’s yoga-oriented ethic, these support steadiness, purity, and readiness for higher contemplative practice.

How does this verse depict the relationship between Shiva and Vishnu?

By stressing śāstra-based purity and svādhyāya rather than sectarian markers, the verse aligns with the Kurma Purana’s integrative stance: devotion and discipline lead toward the one Ishvara principle revered across Śaiva and Vaiṣṇava expressions.