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Shloka 21

Sūrya’s Celestial Car: Ādityas, Ṛṣis, Gandharvas, Apsarases, Nāgas, and the Two-Month Cosmic Cycle

एते सहैव सूर्येण भ्रमन्ति दिवि सानुगाः / विमाने च स्थितो नित्यं कामगे वातरंहसि

ete sahaiva sūryeṇa bhramanti divi sānugāḥ / vimāne ca sthito nityaṃ kāmage vātaraṃhasi

یہ سب ساتھی سورج کے ساتھ آسمان میں ہمیشہ گردش کرتے ہیں۔ اور سورج بھی اپنے وِمان میں سدا قائم، اپنی مرضی سے چلنے والا اور ہوا کی مانند تیز رفتار ہو کر گگن میں سیر کرتا ہے۔

etethese (ones)
ete:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootetad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Plural (बहुवचन)
sahatogether with
saha:
Sahakāraka (सहकारक)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootsaha (अव्यय)
FormPreposition-like indeclinable (सह-योगे अव्यय) governing Instrumental
evaindeed
eva:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/अवधारण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rooteva (अव्यय)
FormEmphatic particle (निश्चयार्थक/अवधारण अव्यय)
sūryeṇawith the Sun
sūryeṇa:
Sahakāraka (सहकारक)
TypeNoun
Rootsūrya (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Instrumental (तृतीया/3), Singular (एकवचन)
bhramantiwander/move about
bhramanti:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootbhram (धातु)
FormLaṭ-lakāra (लट्/Present), Parasmaipada (परस्मैपद), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Plural (बहुवचन)
diviin heaven/sky
divi:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootdiv (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Locative (सप्तमी/7), Singular (एकवचन)
sa-anugāḥwith attendants/followed by retinue
sa-anugāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootanuga (प्रातिपदिक) with sa- (स- उपसर्ग/सह)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Plural (बहुवचन); bahuvrīhi-like sense 'having followers/attendants' but not a fixed compound here
vimānein the aerial car
vimāne:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootvimāna (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Locative (सप्तमी/7), Singular (एकवचन)
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/समुच्चय)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
FormConjunction/particle (समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय)
sthitaḥis situated/stands
sthitaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeVerb
Rootsthita (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; √sthā धातु, क्त/PPP)
FormPast passive participle (क्त/PPP), Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Singular (एकवचन); predicative 'is situated'
nityamalways
nityam:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootnitya (प्रातिपदिक)
FormAdverbial accusative (क्रियाविशेषणरूपेण द्वितीया एकवचन)
kāma-gein the wish-moving (self-propelled)
kāma-ge:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeAdjective
Rootkāma + ga (प्रातिपदिक)
FormTatpuruṣa (तत्पुरुष) 'kāmena gacchati' = moving at will; Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Locative (सप्तमी/7), Singular (एकवचन); agrees with 'vimāne'
vāta-raṃhasiin (one) swift as the wind
vāta-raṃhasi:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeAdjective
Rootvāta + raṃhas (प्रातिपदिक)
FormTatpuruṣa (तत्पुरुष) 'vātasya raṃhaḥ' = speed of wind; Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Locative (सप्तमी/7), Singular (एकवचन); agrees with 'vimāne'

Vyāsa (narrating Purāṇic cosmology to the listening sages)

Primary Rasa: adbhuta

Secondary Rasa: shanta

S
Sūrya

FAQs

Indirectly: it presents cosmic order—Sūrya’s regulated movement with attendants—hinting that the universe operates under an overarching, intelligible principle that later Shaiva-Vaishnava teaching frames as Īśvara’s governance.

No explicit practice is taught; the verse supports contemplative meditation on cosmic order (ṛta/kāla), a common Purāṇic aid for steadiness of mind and devotion that complements later Kurma Purana yoga instructions.

It does not directly mention Śiva or Viṣṇu; it situates Sūrya within a divinely ordered cosmos, consistent with the Kurma Purana’s broader synthesis where all deities function within one supreme governance.