Shloka 52
Yuga-Vibhāga and Kāla-Pramāṇa
Measures of Time and the Four Yugas
Devanagari script
त्रेतादौ संहिता वेदाः केवला धर्मसेतवः / संरोधादायुषश्चैव वर्त्स्यन्ते द्वापरेषु वै
Transliteration
tretādau saṃhitā vedāḥ kevalā dharmasetavaḥ / saṃrodhādāyuṣaścaiva vartsyante dvāpareṣu vai
Translation
تریتا کے آغاز میں وید صرف سنہتا کی صورت میں، دھرم کے پل تھے؛ عمر کے سمٹنے سے وہ دُوآپَر میں (تقسیم ہو کر) رائج ہوں گے۔
Word by Word
tretā-ādauat the beginning of the Tretā age
tretā-ādau:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण/Locative)
TypeNoun
Roottretā + ādi (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुष-समास; पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन — ‘at the beginning of Tretā (yuga)’
saṃhitāḥin saṃhitā form/compiled
saṃhitāḥ:
Karta-pradhāna viśeṣaṇa (कर्तृ-विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootsaṃhitā (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (agreeing with vedāḥ), प्रथमा, बहुवचन — ‘compiled/collected (as saṃhitā)’
vedāḥthe Vedas
vedāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootveda (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन
kevalāḥsole/only
kevalāḥ:
Karta-pradhāna viśeṣaṇa (कर्तृ-विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootkevala (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन — ‘only/solely’
dharma-setavaḥbridges/supports of dharma
dharma-setavaḥ:
Karta-samānādhikaraṇa (कर्तृ-समानााधिकरण/Predicate nominative)
TypeNoun
Rootdharma + setu (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुष-समास (‘bridge of dharma’); पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन — predicate noun for vedāḥ
saṃrodhātfrom/due to restraint
saṃrodhāt:
Hetu (हेतु/Ablative-cause)
TypeNoun
Rootsaṃrodha (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी (5th/Ablative), एकवचन — ‘due to restraint/obstruction’
āyuṣaḥof lifespan
āyuṣaḥ:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive)
TypeNoun
Rootāyus (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), एकवचन — ‘of lifespan’
caand
ca:
Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चयबोधक-अव्यय (conjunction)
evaindeed
eva:
Emphasis (निपात)
TypeIndeclinable
Rooteva (अव्यय)
Formनिपात (emphasis)
vartsyantewill continue/occur
vartsyante:
Kriyā (क्रिया/Verb)
TypeVerb
Root√vṛt (वृत् धातु)
Formलृट् (Simple Future), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), बहुवचन, आत्मनेपद — ‘will proceed/continue’
dvāpareṣuin the Dvāpara ages
dvāpareṣu:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण/Locative)
TypeNoun
Rootdvāpara (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, बहुवचन — ‘in the Dvāpara (ages)’
vaiindeed
vai:
Emphasis (निपात)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootvai (अव्यय)
Formनिपात (emphatic particle)