Shloka 28
Vasiṣṭha-gamana
Vasiṣṭha’s Departure / The Episode of Sagara
Devanagari script
युष्माभिर्यस्य राज्यं बहुभिरपत्दृतं तस्य पुत्रो ऽधुनाहं हन्तुं वः सप्रतिज्ञं प्रसभमुपगतो वैरनिर्यातनैषी / इत्युच्चैः श्रावयाणो युधि निजचरितं वैरिभिर्नागवीर्यः क्षत्रैर्विध्वंसितेजाः सगरनरपतिः स्मारयामास भूपः
Transliteration
yuṣmābhiryasya rājyaṃ bahubhirapatdṛtaṃ tasya putro 'dhunāhaṃ hantuṃ vaḥ sapratijñaṃ prasabhamupagato vairaniryātanaiṣī / ityuccaiḥ śrāvayāṇo yudhi nijacaritaṃ vairibhirnāgavīryaḥ kṣatrairvidhvaṃsitejāḥ sagaranarapatiḥ smārayāmāsa bhūpaḥ
Translation
'تم میں سے بہت سوں نے جس کی سلطنت چھین لی تھی، میں اسی کا بیٹا اب قسم کھا کر تمہیں مارنے آیا ہوں۔' جنگ میں بلند آواز سے یہ اعلان کرتے ہوئے، راجہ سگر نے دشمنوں کو اپنی تاریخ یاد دلائی۔
Word by Word
yuṣmābhiḥby you (all)
yuṣmābhiḥ:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootyuṣmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormInstrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Plural; 2nd person pronoun
yasyawhose
yasya:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
TypeNoun
Rootyad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Singular; relative pronoun
rājyamkingdom
rājyam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootrājya (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative (1st/2nd), Singular; here Accusative as object of apadṛtam (taken away)
bahubhiḥby many
bahubhiḥ:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeAdjective
Rootbahu (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Plural; agrees with implied ‘people’ (जनैः)
apat-dṛtamtaken away, removed
apat-dṛtam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeAdjective
Rootapa-√dṛ (धातु) + kta (कृदन्त)
FormPast participle (क्त), Neuter, Accusative, Singular; ‘driven away/removed’ (text reads apatdṛtaṃ)
tasyaof him
tasya:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Singular
putraḥson
putraḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootputra (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular
adhunānow
adhunā:
Kāla (काल)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootadhunā (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya (अव्यय), temporal adverb (कालवाचक)
ahamI
aham:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootasmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormNominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular; 1st person pronoun
hantumto kill
hantum:
Prayojana (प्रयोजन/उद्देश्य)
TypeVerb
Roothan (धातु)
FormTumun infinitive (तुमुन्), ‘to kill’
vaḥyou (all)
vaḥ:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootyuṣmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormAccusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Plural; enclitic pronoun
sa-pratijñamwith a vow
sa-pratijñam:
Prakāra (प्रकार)
TypeAdjective
Rootsa (उपसर्ग/सह) + pratijñā (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular; उपपद-तत्पुरुष: ‘with a vow/pledge’ (qualifying the act/resolve)
prasabhamforcibly
prasabham:
Prakāra (प्रकार)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootprasabham (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya, adverb of manner
upagataḥhaving come/undertaken
upagataḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeVerb
Rootupa-√gam (धातु)
FormPast participle (क्त), Masculine, Nominative, Singular; used predicatively ‘having approached/undertaken’
vaira-niryātana-aiṣīseeking vengeance/settlement of enmity
vaira-niryātana-aiṣī:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootvaira (प्रातिपदिक) + niryātana (प्रातिपदिक) + eṣin (इष्-धातु से णिनि/इषिन्, कृदन्त)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular; षष्ठी/तत्पुरुष: ‘seeking (aiṣī) the expiation/settlement (niryātana) of enmity (vaira)’
itithus
iti:
Vākyārtha-marker (उद्धरण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootiti (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya, quotative particle (इति-निपात)
uccaiḥaloud
uccaiḥ:
Prakāra (प्रकार)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootuccais (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya, adverb
śrāvayāṇaḥproclaiming
śrāvayāṇaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeVerb
Root√śru (धातु) causative √śrāvay (णिच्)
FormPresent active participle (शानच्) of causative, Masculine, Nominative, Singular; ‘causing to hear/proclaiming’
yudhiin battle
yudhi:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootyudh (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine, Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular
nija-caritamhis own exploit
nija-caritam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootnija (प्रातिपदिक) + carita (चर्-धातु से क्त, कृदन्त)
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular; कर्मधारय/तत्पुरुष: ‘one’s own deed/act’
vairibhiḥby enemies
vairibhiḥ:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootvairin (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Plural
nāga-vīryaḥelephant-strong
nāga-vīryaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootnāga (प्रातिपदिक) + vīrya (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular; उपमान-तत्पुरुष: ‘having strength like an elephant’
kṣatraiḥby kṣatriyas/warriors
kṣatraiḥ:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootkṣatra (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Plural; here ‘kṣatriyas/warriors’ by extension
vidhvaṃsita-tejāḥwith splendor destroyed
vidhvaṃsita-tejāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootvi-√dhvaṃs (धातु) + kta (कृदन्त) + tejas (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular; बहुव्रीहि: ‘whose splendor (tejas) has been destroyed (vidhvaṃsita)’
sagara-nara-patiḥKing Sagara
sagara-nara-patiḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootsagara (प्रातिपदिक) + nara + pati (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular; षष्ठी/तत्पुरुष: ‘king (pati) of men (nara), (named) Sagara’
smārayāmāsareminded
smārayāmāsa:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootsmṛ (धातु) causative (णिच्) स्मारय्
FormLiṭ (लिट्, Perfect), Parasmaipada, 3rd person, Singular; causative sense ‘made (them) remember/reminded’
bhūpaḥthe king
bhūpaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootbhūpa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular; apposition to sagaranarapatiḥ