Sutra 16

Devanagari script

अनुदके चक्रिचतुष्पदं चाध्वप्रमाणेन शक्त्योदकं वाहयेत् ॥ कZ_१०.२.१६ ॥

Transliteration

anudake cakricatuṣpadaṃ cādhvapramāṇena śaktyodakaṃ vāhayet

Translation

جب پانی میسر نہ ہو تو سفر کی مسافت اور اپنی اٹھانے کی صلاحیت کے مطابق گاڑیوں اور باربردار جانوروں کے ذریعے پانی منتقل کرے۔

Word by Word

• अनुदके: in a waterless place/region
• Type: Noun/Adjective (used substantively)
• Root: अनुदक
• Form: सप्तमी एकवचनम् (locative singular), नपुंसकलिङ्गम्; ‘अनुदक’ = ‘उदकं नास्ति यस्मिन्’

• च: and
• Type: Particle
• Root: च
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक अव्ययम्

• क्रिचतुष्पदम्: purchased goods and four-footed animals (livestock)
• Type: Noun (compound)
• Root: क्रि + चतुष्पद
• Form: द्वन्द्वसमासः; प्रथमा/द्वितीया एकवचनम्, नपुंसकलिङ्गम् (समाहारद्वन्द्व-प्रयोगः); ‘क्रि’ = ‘क्रय’ (purchase), ‘चतुष्पद’ = four-footed animals

• च: and
• Type: Particle
• Root: च
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक अव्ययम्

• अध्वप्रमाणेन: according to the route-distance measure
• Type: Noun (compound)
• Root: अध्व + प्रमाण
• Form: षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः; तृतीया एकवचनम्, नपुंसकलिङ्गम्; ‘अध्वस्य प्रमाणम्’ = distance-measure

• शक्त्या: by means of a water-skin (portable container)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शक्ति
• Form: तृतीया एकवचनम्, स्त्रीलिङ्गम्; करण/हेतौ प्रयोगः (‘by means of / using’)

• उदकम्: water
• Type: Noun
• Root: उदक
• Form: द्वितीया एकवचनम्, नपुंसकलिङ्गम्; कर्म

• वाहयेत्: should have (it) carried / should transport
• Type: Verb
• Root: वह्
• Form: लोट्/विधिलिङ् (आज्ञा/विधानार्थ), परस्मैपदम्, प्रथमपुरुष एकवचनम्; causative sense in usage: ‘to have carried/transport’

Entities Mentioned

• carts (cakri)
• pack animals (catuṣpada)
• water supply

More Details

FAQs

What administrative principle is implied by 'adhvapramāṇena śaktyodakaṃ'?

Provisioning must be calculated (route-length) and feasible (capacity), i.e., logistics is a quantified plan, not an ad hoc decision.

Why mention both carts and pack animals?

It signals mixed transport modes for redundancy and terrain adaptability—an early articulation of resilient logistics.