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Agni Purana — Raja-dharma, Shloka 23

Rājanīti (Statecraft): Ṣaḍvidha-bala, Vyūha-vidhāna, and Strategic Warfare

निशि विश्रब्धसंसुप्तं नागैर् वा खड्गपाणिभिः प्रयाने पूर्वयायित्वं वनदुर्गप्रवेशनं

niśi viśrabdhasaṃsuptaṃ nāgair vā khaḍgapāṇibhiḥ prayāne pūrvayāyitvaṃ vanadurgapraveśanaṃ

رات میں جب ہدف بےخوف ہو کر گہری نیند میں ہو تو ہاتھیوں کے ذریعے یا تلوار برداروں کے ذریعے حملہ کرے۔ کوچ میں پہلے پیش رو دستہ روانہ کرے، پھر جنگلی قلعوں میں داخل ہو۔

niśiat night
niśi:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootniś (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति, एकवचन — ‘निशि’
viśrabdha-saṃsuptamsound asleep and off-guard
viśrabdha-saṃsuptam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeAdjective
Rootviśrabdha (कृदन्त; √śrambh/vi-śrambh) + saṃsupta (कृदन्त; √svap)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; कर्मधारयः — ‘विश्वस्तं च संसुप्तं च’ (गाढनिद्रया सुप्त)
nāgaiḥwith elephants
nāgaiḥ:
Karana (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootnāga (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, बहुवचन — ‘नागैः’ (हस्तिभिः)
or
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/विकल्प)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootvā (अव्यय)
Formविकल्पार्थक-अव्यय — ‘वा’
khaḍga-pāṇibhiḥby sword-in-hand (men)
khaḍga-pāṇibhiḥ:
Karana (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootkhaḍga (प्रातिपदिक) + pāṇi (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, बहुवचन; बहुव्रीहिः — ‘खड्गः पाणौ येषां ते’
prayāneduring a march/departure
prayāne:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootprayāna (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन — ‘प्रयाणे’ (यात्राकाले)
pūrva-yāyitvamgoing ahead in advance/advance movement
pūrva-yāyitvam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootpūrva (प्रातिपदिक) + yāyitva (प्रातिपदिक; भाव)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; ‘पूर्वं यायित्वम्’ = अग्रगमन/पूर्वगमन-भावः
vana-durga-praveśanamentering a forest-fort/forest stronghold
vana-durga-praveśanam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootvana (प्रातिपदिक) + durga (प्रातिपदिक) + praveśana (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; ‘वनस्य दुर्गस्य (वा) प्रवेशणम्’ — वन-दुर्ग-प्रवेश

Lord Agni (in instruction to Vasiṣṭha, within the Agni Purana’s didactic narration)

Vidya Category: {"primary_vidya":"Arthashastra","secondary_vidya":"Dhanurveda","practical_application":"Night operations and marching protocol: conduct nocturnal strikes with elephants or sword-units; use advance parties and secure entry into forest-forts.","sutra_style":true}

Encyclopedic Reference: {"reference_type":"Procedure","entry_title":"Night Strike with Elephants/Swords; Advance Party and Entry into Forest-Forts","lookup_keywords":["nishi-supta","naga-bala","khadga-pani","purva-yayitva","vana-durga"],"quick_summary":"At night, strike an unsuspecting sleeping target using elephant corps or sword-bearing troops. On the march, send an advance detachment and then enter/secure forest-forts methodically."}

Weapon Type: Sword; Elephant corps

Concept: Raksha and jaya through organization: proper sequencing (vanguard first) and terrain mastery (forest-forts).

Application: Military SOP: always deploy an advance party, reconnoiter forest approaches, and choose force type suited to night objectives.

Khanda Section: Rajadharma & Niti-shastra (Statecraft, security, and strategic conduct)

Primary Rasa: vira

Secondary Rasa: bhayanaka

Type: Fort/Stronghold

Visual Art Cues: {"scene_description":"A night march: elephants and sword-bearing soldiers move toward a sleeping target; ahead, a vanguard scouts a forest path leading into a fortified woodland stronghold.","kerala_mural_prompt":"Kerala mural: nocturnal forest-fort scene with stylized trees, elephants advancing, sword-bearers in formation, vanguard scouts ahead, deep greens and reds, strong outlines","tanjore_prompt":"Tanjore: majestic elephants with gold ornamentation, sword infantry with gilded highlights, moonlit forest-fort gate, ornate border and rich colors","mysore_prompt":"Mysore: clear tactical illustration—vanguard ahead, main body with elephants and swords, forest-fort entry point marked, refined linework and soft tones","mughal_miniature_prompt":"Mughal miniature: moonlit forest with detailed foliage, armored elephants, soldiers with curved swords, scouts at front, fort palisade visible, intricate realism"}

Audio Atmosphere: {"recitation_mood":"instructional","suggested_raga":"Darbari Kanada","pace":"medium","voice_tone":"instructional"}

Sandhi Resolution Notes: viśrabdhasaṃsuptaṃ → viśrabdha-saṃsuptam; nāgair → nāgaiḥ; vanadurgapraveśanaṃ → vana-durga-praveśanam.

Related Themes: Agni Purana Dhanurveda on gaja-sena (elephants), infantry weapons, and night tactics; Agni Purana Rajadharma on durga-types and protection of the realm

A
Agni Purana
N
naga (war-elephants)
K
khaḍga (sword)
V
vana-durga (forest-fort)

FAQs

It imparts practical niti/rajaniti guidance: night action when the opponent is unsuspecting, use of war-elephants or sword troops, and the tactical rule of sending an advance party (vanguard/scouts) before entering difficult terrain like a forest-fort.

Beyond theology, the Agni Purana preserves applied knowledge of governance and warfare—march discipline, reconnaissance, troop-type deployment (elephants/infantry), and fort-terrain tactics—showing its coverage of statecraft alongside ritual and spiritual topics.

Within Rajadharma, strategic caution is framed as a ruler’s duty (dharma) to protect the realm; prudent planning and minimizing risk to one’s people supports righteous governance, even when the instruction itself is technical rather than explicitly ritual.