Rig Veda 9.84.4: Mandala 9, Sukta 84, Mantra 4

Sukta 9.84

Rishi: Ascribed in RV 9 to Pavāmāna seers (exact attribution for 9.84 not resolved from provided excerpt).

Devata: Soma Pavamāna (with Indra as receiver)

Chandas: Likely Jagatī or Triṣṭubh (verify against full hymn).

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

एष स्य सोमः पवते सहस्रजिद्धिन्वानो वाचमिषिरामुषर्बुधम् । इन्दुः समुद्रमुदियर्ति वायुभिरेन्द्रस्य हार्दि कलशेषु सीदति ॥

Sanskrit recitationRig Veda 9.84.4

Transliteration

eṣá syá sómaḥ pavate sahasrajíd hinvānáḥ vā́cam iṣirá̄m uṣárbudhám | índuḥ samudrám úd iyarti vāyúbhiḥ ā́ índrasya hā́rdi kalaśéṣu sīdati ||

Translation

This Soma indeed is purified, a winner of a thousand, driving forward the inspired speech—keen and dawn-awakening. The bright Indu heaves up the ocean with the winds, and comes to rest in the cups within the heart of Indra.

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Word by Word

• एषः: this (one)
• एषः: Kartā
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: एतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक) → एष

• स्यः: indeed/this here
• स्यः: —
• Type: Particle/Pronoun
• Root: स्य (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक; एषः स्यः = ‘this indeed/this here’)

• सोमः: Soma
• सोमः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: सोम (प्रातिपदिक)

• पवते: flows/purifies itself
• पवते: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: √पू (पवते) ‘to purify, to flow’

• सहस्रजित्: winning a thousand (prizes)
• सहस्रजित्: —
• Type: Adjective (epithet)
• Root: सहस्र + √जि (जित्) (कृदन्त-समास)

• हि: for/indeed
• हि: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: हि (निपात)

• इन्वानः: impelling/urging on
• इन्वानः: Kartā
• Type: Participle
• Root: √इ (इन्व्/इन्) ‘to set in motion, impel’ (वर्तमान कृदन्त)

• वाचम्: speech
• वाचम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: वाच् (प्रातिपदिक)

• इषिराम्: swift/impetuous
• इषिराम्: —
• Type: Adjective
• Root: इषिर (प्रातिपदिक; ‘swift/strong/refreshing’)

• उषर्बुधम्: awakening at dawn
• उषर्बुधम्: —
• Type: Adjective
• Root: उषर् + बुध (समास; ‘dawn-awakening/rousing at dawn’)

• इन्दुः: the drop (Soma)
• इन्दुः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: इन्दु (प्रातिपदिक)

• समुद्रम्: the sea/ocean
• समुद्रम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: समुद्र (प्रातिपदिक)

• उदियर्ति: raises/sets in motion
• उदियर्ति: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: उद् + √यृ/√इ (यर्ति) ‘to raise, set in motion, send up’

• वायुभिः: with the winds
• वायुभिः: Karaṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: वायु (प्रातिपदिक)

• इन्द्रस्य: of Indra
• इन्द्रस्य: —
• Type: Noun
• Root: इन्द्र (प्रातिपदिक)

• हार्दि: in the heart
• हार्दि: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Noun (locative form used adverbially)
• Root: हृद् → हार्द (प्रातिपदिक; ‘in/at the heart’)

• कलशेषु: in the jars
• कलशेषु: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: कलश (प्रातिपदिक)

• सीदति: sits/settles
• सीदति: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: √सद् ‘to sit, settle, sink down’