Rig Veda 8.3.22: Mandala 8, Sukta 3, Mantra 22

Sukta 8.3

Rishi: Kaṇva (Kaṇva lineage; Kaṇvāḥ)

Devata: Indra-associated gift-power (Pākasthāmā; Rohita as a solar/illumined force bestowed)

Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable; requires metrical verification)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

रोहितं मे पाकस्थामा सुधुरं कक्ष्यप्राम् । अदाद्रायो विबोधनम् ॥

Transliteration

róhitaṃ me pā́ka-sthāmā sudhúraṃ kakṣyá-prām | ádād rāyó vibódhanam ||

Translation

Pākasthāmā has given me the Rohita—well-yoked, filling the encircling spaces—an awakener of the plenitude (rāyas) within, stirring the soul to its riches of being.

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Word by Word

• रोहितम्: the ruddy one; the red (horse/steed)
• रोहितम्: कर्म
• Type: Adjective (used substantively)
• Root: रोहित (प्रातिपदिक; √रुह् ‘to rise/grow’ > रोहित ‘red, ruddy’)

• मे: of me; my
• मे: सम्बन्ध (possessor)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• पाकस्थाम: (him) having a firm/settled station; ‘of sure standing’
• पाकस्थाम: कर्म (apposition to रोहितम्)
• Type: Noun (epithet)
• Root: पाकस्थामन् (प्रातिपदिक; पाक ‘cooking/ripe’ + स्थामन् ‘standing-place/abode’)

• आ: hither; forth; (as intensifier with verb)
• आ: —
• Type: Indeclinable (preverb/particle)
• Root: आ (उपसर्ग/निपात)

• सुधुरम्: well-yoked; easy to yoke
• सुधुरम्: कर्म (apposition to रोहितम्)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सुधुर (प्रातिपदिक; सु- ‘good’ + धुर ‘yoke/shaft, burden’)

• कक्ष्यप्राम्: filling the girth/strap; reaching the flanks (well-girt)
• कक्ष्यप्राम्: कर्म (apposition/epithet)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: कक्ष्यप्रा (प्रातिपदिक; कक्ष्या ‘girth/strap, flank’ + प्रा ‘filling/reaching’; RV epithet)

• अदाद्: gave
• अदाद्: क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: √दा (दाने ‘to give’)

• रायः: of wealth; of riches
• रायः: सम्बन्ध (of/among wealth) / षष्ठी-सम्बन्ध
• Type: Noun
• Root: राय्/रायि (प्रातिपदिक ‘wealth, gift’)

• विबोधनम्: an awakening; an arousing (gift)
• विबोधनम्: कर्म
• Type: Noun (action/result)
• Root: विबोधन (प्रातिपदिक; वि- + √बुध् ‘to awaken/know’ > बोधन ‘awakening’)