Rig Veda 6.45.16: Mandala 6, Sukta 45, Mantra 16

Sukta 6.45

Rishi: Bharadvāja Bārhaspatya

Devata: Indra

Chandas: Triṣṭubh (likely; verify metrically)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

य एक इत्तमु ष्टुहि कृष्टीनां विचर्षणिः । पतिर्जज्ञे वृषक्रतुः ॥

Transliteration

yá éka íd tám u stúhi kṛṣṭīnā́ṃ vícarṣaṇiḥ | pátir jajñé vṛ́ṣakratuḥ ||

Translation

Him alone praise: the wide-seeing one of the peoples; the lord is born with a bull-like will—Indra, the master-force that arises to govern the human tribes within us.

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Word by Word

• यः: who (he who)
• यः: Kartā
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• एकः: alone, single
• एकः: Kartā (विशेषणम्) / Sambandha to यः
• Type: Adjective/Numeral
• Root: एक (संख्यावाचक-प्रातिपदिक)

• इत्: indeed, just
• इत्: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इत् (निपात/अव्यय)

• तम्: him
• तम्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• उ: indeed, verily
• उ: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: उ (निपात/अव्यय)

• ष्टुहि: praise!
• ष्टुहि: (वाक्य-क्रिया) —
• Type: Verb
• Root: स्तु (धातु)

• कृष्टीनाम्: of the peoples, of the tribes
• कृष्टीनाम्: Sambandha (genitive) to विचर्षणिः
• Type: Noun
• Root: कृष्टि (स्त्रीलिङ्ग-प्रातिपदिक)

• विचर्षणिः: the eminent one among men; the distinguished lord
• विचर्षणिः: Kartā (यः… सः) / predicate epithet
• Type: Noun/Adjective (epithet)
• Root: विचर्षणि (प्रातिपदिक; ‘विशेष-दर्शिन्/विशेष-प्रभुः’ इत्यर्थे)

• पतिः: lord, master
• पतिः: Kartā (समनाधिकरणम् with यः/विचर्षणिः)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पति (पुंलिङ्ग-प्रातिपदिक)

• जज्ञे: has been born; is born
• जज्ञे: (वाक्य-क्रिया) —
• Type: Verb
• Root: जन् (धातु)

• वृषक्रतुः: of bull-like (mighty) resolve; strong-willed
• वृषक्रतुः: Kartā (समनाधिकरणम् with पतिः)
• Type: Noun/Adjective (epithet)
• Root: वृष- + क्रतु (समास-प्रातिपदिक; कर्मधारयः)