Rig Veda 5.78.2 — Mandala 5, Sukta 78, Mantra 2
Sukta 5.78
Rishi: Atri (Ātreya)
Devata: Ashvins
Chandas: Gāyatrī (probable; verify)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
अश्विना हरिणाविव गौराविवानु यवसम् । हंसाविव पततमा सुताँ उप ॥
Transliteration
aśvínā hariṇā́v iva gaurā́v ivā́nu yávasam | haṃsā́v iva patatamā́ sutā́m̐ úpa ||
Translation
O Ashvins, like two tawny steeds, like two bright bulls following the pasture, fly like two swans toward the pressed Soma—toward the prepared delight in us.
Word by Word
अश्विनाO Aśvins (you two)
अश्विना:
सम्बोधन
TypeNoun (dual vocative)
Rootअश्विन्- (प्रातिपदिक) / अश्व (IE *h₁éḱwos) + -इन्
हरिणा(like) two tawny ones / two antelopes
हरिणा:
कर्तृ (उपमा-कर्तृ) / विशेष्य
TypeNoun/Adjective (used substantively)
Rootहरिण- (प्रातिपदिक)
इवlike, as
इव:
उपमान-निर्देशक
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव (निपात)
गौरौ(like) two bright/white ones; two bulls
गौरौ:
कर्तृ (उपमा-कर्तृ) / विशेष्य
TypeNoun/Adjective (used substantively)
Rootगौर- (प्रातिपदिक)
इवlike, as
इव:
उपमान-निर्देशक
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव (निपात)
अनुalong, after, following
अनु:
क्रिया-विशेषण
TypeIndeclinable (preverb/adverb)
Rootअनु (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)
यवसम्pasture, grass, fodder
यवसम्:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootयवस- (प्रातिपदिक)
हंसौ(like) two swans
हंसौ:
कर्तृ (उपमा-कर्तृ)
TypeNoun
Rootहंस- (प्रातिपदिक)
इवlike, as
इव:
उपमान-निर्देशक
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव (निपात)
पततमाmost flying, flying best/fastest
पततमा:
कर्तृ-विशेषण
TypeAdjective (superlative)
Rootपत् (धातु, 1P) + तम (तमप् प्रत्यय) → पतत्म/पतत्मा (वैदिक)
सुतान्the pressed (Soma-drops), pressed offerings
सुतान्:
कर्म
TypeNoun/Adjective (used substantively)
Rootसु (धातु ‘to press/express (Soma)’) + त (क्त) → सुत- (प्रातिपदिक)
उपtowards, near, up to
उप:
क्रिया-विशेषण
TypeIndeclinable (preverb/adverb)
Rootउप (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)
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