Rig Veda 5.36.5: Mandala 5, Sukta 36, Mantra 5

Sukta 5.36

Rishi: Atri (Ātreya) (book 5 Atri corpus; verify exact rishi for RV 5.36 via Anukramaṇī)

Devata: Indra

Chandas: Trishtubh (probable, standard for many Indra hymns in Mandala 5; requires full hymn metrical verification)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

वृषा त्वा वृषणं वर्धतु द्यौर्वृषा वृषभ्यां वहसे हरिभ्याम् । स नो वृषा वृषरथः सुशिप्र वृषक्रतो वृषा वज्रिन्भरे धाः ॥

Transliteration

vṛ́ṣā tvā vṛ́ṣaṇaṃ vardhatu dyáur vṛ́ṣā vṛ́ṣabhyāṃ vahase háribhyām | sá no vṛ́ṣā vṛ́ṣa-rathaḥ su-śipra vṛ́ṣa-krato vṛ́ṣā vajrin bháre dhāḥ ||

Translation

May the Bull-force, the luminous Heaven, increase you, the Bull of power. As the Bull you are borne by the two bull-steeds, the tawny energies. So, Bull with the bull-chariot, fair-lipped, Bull in will and working, O wielder of the thunder-force—establish for us in the battle the plenitude that is carried.

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Word by Word

• वृषा: the bull; the mighty one
• वृषा: Kartā
• Type: Noun/Adjective
• Root: वृषन् (प्रातिपदिक) < √वृष् (वर्षणे/सेचने; बलवृद्धौ)

• त्वा: you (as object)
• त्वा: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: युष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• वृषणम्: the bull; the strong one
• वृषणम्: Karma
• Type: Noun/Adjective
• Root: वृषन् (प्रातिपदिक)

• वर्धतु: may (he/it) increase; may strengthen
• वर्धतु: (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √वृध् (वर्धने)

• द्यौः: Heaven, the Sky
• द्यौः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: द्यौ (प्रातिपदिक)

• वृषा: the bull; the mighty one
• वृषा: Kartā
• Type: Noun/Adjective
• Root: वृषन् (प्रातिपदिक)

• वृषभ्याम्: with the two bulls
• वृषभ्याम्: Karaṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: वृषभ (प्रातिपदिक)

• वहसे: you ride; you are borne
• वहसे: (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √वह् (प्रापणे/वहने)

• हरिभ्याम्: with the two bay steeds
• हरिभ्याम्: Karaṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: हरि (प्रातिपदिक)

• सः: he
• सः: Kartā
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• नः: to us; for us
• नः: Sampradāna
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• वृषा: the bull; the mighty one
• वृषा: Kartā
• Type: Noun/Adjective
• Root: वृषन् (प्रातिपदिक)

• वृषरथः: whose chariot is bull-like/strong; bull-charioted
• वृषरथः: Kartā
• Type: Noun/Adjective
• Root: वृष-रथ (समास-प्रातिपदिक; कर्मधारय/बहुव्रीहि-भावः)

• सुशिप्र: O fair-lipped/beautiful-jawed one
• सुशिप्र: (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Adjective (vocative epithet)
• Root: सु-शिप्र (समास-प्रातिपदिक)

• वृषक्रतो: O of mighty resolve/powerful will
• वृषक्रतो: (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Adjective (vocative epithet)
• Root: वृष-क्रतु (समास-प्रातिपदिक)

• वृषा: the bull; the mighty one
• वृषा: Kartā
• Type: Noun/Adjective
• Root: वृषन् (प्रातिपदिक)

• वज्रिन्: O wielder of the vajra
• वज्रिन्: (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun/Adjective
• Root: वज्रिन् (प्रातिपदिक)

• भरे: in the battle; in the contest
• भरे: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: भर (प्रातिपदिक) < √भृ (भरणे/पोषणे)

• धाः: place; bestow; put
• धाः: (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √धा (धारणे/स्थापने)