Rig Veda 4.4.14: Mandala 4, Sukta 4, Mantra 14

Sukta 4.4

Rishi: Vāmadeva Gautama

Devata: Agni (as satyatāti, truth-born power)

Chandas: Trishtubh (probable; requires verification)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

त्वया वयं सधन्यस्त्वोतास्तव प्रणीत्यश्याम वाजान् । उभा शंसा सूदय सत्यतातेऽनुष्ठुया कृणुह्यह्रयाण ॥

Sanskrit recitationRig Veda 4.4.14

Transliteration

tváyā vayáṃ sadhanyàs tvótās táva práṇīty aśyāma vā́jān | ubhā́ śáṃsā sūdaya satyatāte 'nuṣṭhuyā́ kṛṇuhy ahrayāṇa ||

Translation

With you we are capable of the right winning; upheld by you, by your leading may we reach the plenitudes of force. Make both our praises prosper, O child of Truth; accomplish it in right sequence, without haste or stumbling.

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Word by Word

• त्वया: by you / with you
• त्वया: Karaṇa
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: त्वद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• वयम्: we
• वयम्: Kartā
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• सधन्याः: prosperous / well-provided
• सधन्याः: Kartā
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सधन्य (विशेषण-प्रातिपदिक)

• त्वोताः: helped by you / protected by you
• त्वोताः: Kartā
• Type: Adjective (participial)
• Root: त्वद् + ऊत (कृदन्त, √अव्/√अव्?; ‘to help/protect’ → ऊत ‘helped/protected’)

• तव: of you / your
• तव: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: त्वद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• प्रणीति: by (your) leading / guidance
• प्रणीति: Karaṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्र-नी (√नी ‘to lead’) → प्रणीति (स्त्री. भाववाचक)

• अश्याम: may we attain
• अश्याम: Kriyā
• Type: Verb
• Root: √अश् (to reach, attain)

• वाजान्: prizes / strengths / spoils
• वाजान्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: वाज (पुं. प्रातिपदिक)

• उभा: both (two)
• उभा: Karma
• Type: Adjective (dual)
• Root: उभ (सर्वनाम/विशेषण-प्रातिपदिक)

• शंसा: two praises / both laudations
• शंसा: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: शंस (स्त्री. प्रातिपदिक; ‘praise’)

• सूदय: impel / make prosper
• सूदय: Kriyā
• Type: Verb
• Root: √सू (to impel, set in motion; causative sense ‘to make prosper/urge’)

• सत्यताते: (in) the two truths / in true order
• सत्यताते: Karma
• Type: Noun (abstract)
• Root: सत्यता (स्त्री. प्रातिपदिक) + -ते (सम्बोधन/द्वितीया-द्विवचन रूप; RV usage)

• अनुष्ठुया: by due observance / in accordance
• अनुष्ठुया: Karaṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: अनु-√स्था (to stand after, follow) → अनुष्ठु (स्त्री. ‘following/observance’) ; इन्स्ट्रुमेंटल

• कृणुहि: do / make
• कृणुहि: Kriyā
• Type: Verb
• Root: √कृ (to do, make)

• अह्रयाण: without haste / unerringly
• अह्रयाण: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Adjective (used adverbially)
• Root: अ-ह्रयाण (विशेषण; ‘not hurrying/ not faltering’, from √ह्रय्/ह्रि ‘to hasten/veer’ with privative a-)