Rig Veda 3.5.2: Mandala 3, Sukta 5, Mantra 2

Sukta 3.5

Rishi: Viśvāmitra Gāthina (attribution for RV 3.5)

Devata: Agni (as dūta and light in Dawn)

Chandas: Triṣṭubh

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

प्रेद्वग्निर्वावृधे स्तोमेभिर्गीर्भिः स्तोतॄणां नमस्य उक्थैः । पूर्वीॠतस्य संदृशश्चकानः सं दूतो अद्यौदुषसो विरोके ॥

Transliteration

pré d u agnír vāvṛdhe stómebhir gī́rbhiḥ stotṝṇā́ṃ namasyà ukthaíḥ | pūrvī́r ṛtásya saṃdṛ́śaś cakānáḥ sáṃ dūtó adyaut uṣáso vi-róke ||

Translation

Forward indeed Agni has grown by hymns, by songs, by the recitations of the worshippers. Delighting in the ancient visions of ṛta, the messenger has shone forth together in the wide light of the Dawn.

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Word by Word

• प्र: forth, forward
• प्र: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: प्र (उपसर्ग)

• इत्: indeed, just
• इत्: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इत् (निपात)

• अग्निः: Agni (fire-god)
• अग्निः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: अग्नि (प्रातिपदिक)

• वावृधे: has grown, has increased
• वावृधे: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: √वृध् (वर्धने)

• स्तोमेभिः: with hymns of praise
• स्तोमेभिः: Karaṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: स्तोम (प्रातिपदिक)

• गीर्भिः: with songs/utterances
• गीर्भिः: Karaṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: गीर्/गिर् (प्रातिपदिक; ‘वाणी/स्तुति’)

• स्तोतॄणाम्: of the praisers
• स्तोतॄणाम्: —
• Type: Noun
• Root: स्तोतृ (प्रातिपदिक; √स्तु ‘to praise’)

• नमस्यः: worthy of homage
• नमस्यः: Kartā (अग्निः-सह समनाधिकरण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: नमस्य (प्रातिपदिक; √नम् ‘to bow’)

• उक्थैः: with recited hymns (ukthas)
• उक्थैः: Karaṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: उक्थ (प्रातिपदिक)

• पूर्वीः: former, earlier (many)
• पूर्वीः: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पूर्व (प्रातिपदिक)

• ऋतस्य: of Ṛta (cosmic order/true law)
• ऋतस्य: —
• Type: Noun
• Root: ऋत (प्रातिपदिक)

• संदृशः: visions/sights, appearances
• संदृशः: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: संदृश् (प्रातिपदिक; ‘दर्शन/दृश्य’)

• चकानः: shining, rejoicing (in)
• चकानः: Kartā (अग्निः-सह समनाधिकरण)
• Type: Participle
• Root: √कन्/√काङ्क्ष्? (वैदिक ‘चकान’ = ‘दीप्त/हर्षित/प्रकाशमान’), कृत्-प्रत्यय

• सम्: together, completely
• सम्: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सम् (उपसर्ग)

• दूतः: messenger
• दूतः: Kartā (अद्यौद् इत्यस्य)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दूत (प्रातिपदिक)

• अद्य: today, now
• अद्य: Adhikaraṇa (काल)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अद्य (अव्यय)

• अद्यौत्: shone forth
• अद्यौत्: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: √द्युत् (दीप्तौ)

• उषसः: of Dawn (Uṣas)
• उषसः: —
• Type: Noun
• Root: उषस् (प्रातिपदिक)

• विरोके: in the shining expanse, in the radiance
• विरोके: Adhikaraṇa (स्थान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: विरोक (प्रातिपदिक; ‘प्रकाश/विस्तीर्ण-प्रकाश’)