Rig Veda 10.90.3: Mandala 10, Sukta 90, Mantra 3
Sukta 10.90
Rishi: Nārāyaṇa / Purusha-sūkta tradition (variable)
Devata: Puruṣa
Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable; verify)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
एतावानस्य महिमातो ज्यायाँश्च पूरुषः । पादोऽस्य विश्वा भूतानि त्रिपादस्यामृतं दिवि ॥
Transliteration
etā́vān asya mahimā́ áto jyā́yāṃś ca pū́ruṣaḥ | pā́do ’sya víśvā bhūtā́ni tripā́d asyā́mṛtaṃ diví ||
Translation
Such is his greatness—and Purusha is yet greater than this. One quarter of him is all beings; three quarters of him are the immortal in the heaven: the unmanifest plenitude exceeds the manifest world.
Word by Word
एतावान्so great; of this extent
एतावान्:
Kartā (विधेय-विशेषणम्; ‘पुरुषः’ का विशेषण)
TypeAdjective/Pronoun-like (quantitative)
Rootएतावत् (प्रातिपदिक) < इदम्-तावत् (परिमाणवाचक)
अस्यof him; of this (Puruṣa)
अस्य:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी; ‘of him/its’)
TypePronoun
Rootइदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
महिमाgreatness; majesty
महिमा:
Kartā (वाक्य-उद्देश्य; ‘महिमा’ = greatness)
TypeNoun
Rootमहिमन् (प्रातिपदिक) < मह्/महि (वृद्धि/महत्त्व)
अतःfrom this; than this
अतः:
Apādāna/Hetu (तसिल्-प्रत्यय; ‘from/than this’—तुलनार्थ)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअतः (अव्यय) < अ (इदम्) + तस् (तसिल्)
ज्यायान्greater
ज्यायान्:
Kartā (विधेय-विशेषणम्; ‘पुरुषः’ का)
TypeAdjective (comparative)
Rootज्यायस् (तुलनात्मक-प्रातिपदिक) < ज्या/ज्याय (comparative of ‘great’)
चand
च:
— (समुच्चय)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
पूरुषःthe Puruṣa (Cosmic Person)
पूरुषः:
Kartā (मुख्य कर्ता/विषय)
TypeNoun
Rootपूरुष (प्रातिपदिक) / पुरुष (वैदिक रूप)
पादःa quarter; a foot
पादः:
Kartā (वाक्य-उद्देश्य; ‘one quarter/foot’)
TypeNoun
Rootपाद (प्रातिपदिक)
अस्यof him
अस्य:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध; ‘of him’)
TypePronoun
Rootइदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
विश्वाall
विश्वा:
Kartā (समूह-उद्देश्य; ‘all’ qualifying ‘beings’)
TypeAdjective
Rootविश्व (प्रातिपदिक)
भूतानिbeings; creatures; existents
भूतानि:
Kartā (वाक्य-उद्देश्य; ‘beings’)
TypeNoun/Participle used as noun
Rootभूत (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक) < √भू (सत्तायाम्) + क्त
त्रिपाद्the three-footed (three quarters)
त्रिपाद्:
Kartā (वाक्य-उद्देश्य; ‘three-quarters’)
TypeAdjective/Noun (bahuvrīhi/dvandva-like compound sense)
Rootत्रिपाद् (प्रातिपदिक; त्रि + पाद)
अस्यof him
अस्य:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध; ‘of him’)
TypePronoun
Rootइदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
अमृतम्the immortal; immortality
अमृतम्:
Kartā (वाक्य-उद्देश्य; ‘the immortal’/‘immortality’)
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootअमृत (प्रातिपदिक) < अ- + मृत (√मृ ‘to die’)
दिविin heaven; in the sky
दिवि:
Adhikaraṇa (स्थानाधिकरण; ‘in heaven’)
TypeNoun
Rootदिव् (प्रातिपदिक) / द्यौ (वैदिक)
Ritual Application
Philosophical Concepts
Vedic Cosmology
Natural Symbolism
Academic Analysis
Cross References
Yogic Application
Chanting Notes
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