Rig Veda 10.155.4: Mandala 10, Sukta 155, Mantra 4
Sukta 10.155
Devata: Indra (victory over obstructing forces; implicit in ‘Indrasya śatravaḥ’)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
यद्ध प्राचीरजगन्तोरो मण्डूरधाणिकीः । हता इन्द्रस्य शत्रवः सर्वे बुद्बुदयाशवः ॥
Transliteration
yád dha prācī́r ajágantóro maṇḍūra-dhāṇikī́ḥ | hatā́ índrasya śátraváḥ sárve budbuda-yā́śavaḥ ||
Translation
When those forward-moving powers came pressing into the breast (the inner field), then all the enemies of Indra were struck down—mere bubble-like forces, swift only in their froth.
Word by Word
यत्when, at the time when
यत्:
Adhikaraṇa (काल-सम्बन्ध) / सम्बन्धसूचक
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक) अथवा यद्-सम्बन्धी अव्यय
हindeed, surely
ह:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootह (निपात)
प्राचीःeastern, forward (ones)
प्राचीः:
Kartā (अजगन्तः इत्यस्य विशेषण) / विशेषण
TypeAdjective
Rootप्राची- (प्रातिपदिक; ‘पूर्व-दिशा/पूर्ववर्ती’)
अजगन्तःnot going, not moving (i.e., standing/remaining)
अजगन्तः:
Kartā (मुख्य कर्तृपद) / विशेष्य
TypeAdjective
Rootगम् (धातु) + अ (निषेध/अभाव) + जगन्त् (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक) → ‘अ-जगन्त्’
उरोःof the wide (one/space)
उरोः:
सम्बन्ध (genitive) — ‘उरोः’ = ‘of the wide/expanse’
TypeAdjective
Rootउरु- (प्रातिपदिक ‘विस्तीर्ण/महान्’)
मण्डूःthe frog (Mandū) / a frog-like being
मण्डूः:
Kartā (अन्तर्निहित क्रिया/वाक्यांश का कर्ता) / विषय
TypeNoun
Rootमण्डू- (प्रातिपदिक; RV-विशेष शब्द, ‘मण्डूक/मेंढक’ अथवा ‘मण्डू’ नामक प्राणी/समूह)
अधाणिकीःbearing/connected with ‘adhāṇi’ (ritual/implement-related); ‘adhāṇikā’ women/ones
अधाणिकीः:
Kartā (समूह-कर्तृ) / विशेषण
TypeAdjective
Rootअधाणिकी- (प्रातिपदिक; RV-विशेषण, ‘अधाणि’ सम्बन्धी)
हताःslain, struck down
हताः:
Kartā-विशेषण (शत्रवः इत्यस्य) / कर्मणि-भाव
TypeAdjective
Rootहन् (धातु) → हत (कृदन्त, भूतकर्मणि)
इन्द्रस्यof Indra
इन्द्रस्य:
सम्बन्ध (genitive) — whose enemies
TypeNoun
Rootइन्द्र- (प्रातिपदिक)
शत्रवःenemies
शत्रवः:
Kartā/विषय (हताः इत्यस्य विशेष्य)
TypeNoun
Rootशत्रु- (प्रातिपदिक)
सर्वेall
सर्वे:
विशेषण (शत्रवः) / समुच्चय
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व- (प्रातिपदिक)
बुद्बुदयाशवःswift like bubbles; bubble-swift (ephemeral/quickly vanishing)
बुद्बुदयाशवः:
विशेषण (शत्रवः) / उपमा-भाव
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootबुद्बुद- (प्रातिपदिक ‘बुलबुला/फेन/बुदबुद’) + आशु- (प्रातिपदिक ‘शीघ्र’) → समास
Ritual Application
Philosophical Concepts
Vedic Cosmology
Natural Symbolism
Academic Analysis
Cross References
Yogic Application
Chanting Notes
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