Rig Veda 1.36.8: Mandala 1, Sukta 36, Mantra 8

Sukta 1.36

Rishi: Kaṇva (Kāṇva lineage)

Devata: Agni (with Indra-like Vṛtra motif imagery applied to the fire-power)

Chandas: Gāyatrī

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

घ्नन्तो वृत्रमतरन्रोदसी अप उरु क्षयाय चक्रिरे । भुवत्कण्वे वृषा द्युम्न्याहुतः क्रन्ददश्वो गविष्टिषु ॥

Transliteration

ghnánto vṛtrám ataran ródasī ápa uru kṣáyāya cakrire | bhúvat kaṇve vṛ́ṣā dyumnī́ ā́hutaḥ krándad áśvo gáv-iṣṭiṣu ||

Translation

Smiting the Coverer, they have crossed beyond the two worlds; they have made the waters wide for a spacious dwelling. May he become for the Kaṇva a bull of luminous power when offered; like a neighing steed he rushes in the quests for the rays (cows of light).

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Word by Word

• घ्नन्तः: slaying, striking (they)
• घ्नन्तः: Kartā
• Type: Verb-derived (participle)
• Root: हन् (√हन्)

• वृत्रम्: Vṛtra (the obstructor)
• वृत्रम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: वृत्र (प्रातिपदिक)

• अतरन्: they crossed over, passed beyond
• अतरन्: Kriyā (मुख्य क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: तॄ (√तॄ)

• रोदसी: the two worlds (heaven and earth)
• रोदसी: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: रोदसी (प्रातिपदिक; द्वन्द्व/द्विवचन-रूप)

• अपः: the waters
• अपः: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: अप् (प्रातिपदिक)

• उरु: wide, broad
• उरु: Karma (विशेष्य-सम्बन्धः) / Adverbial
• Type: Adjective
• Root: उरु (प्रातिपदिक)

• क्षयाय: for dwelling, for abode
• क्षयाय: Sampradāna
• Type: Noun
• Root: क्षय (प्रातिपदिक)

• चक्रिरे: they have made, they fashioned
• चक्रिरे: Kriyā (मुख्य क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ (√कृ)

• भुवत्: being, becoming
• भुवत्: Adverbial (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Verb-derived (participle)
• Root: भू (√भू)

• कण्वे: for Kaṇva
• कण्वे: Sampradāna
• Type: Proper noun
• Root: कण्व (प्रातिपदिक)

• वृषा: the bull; the mighty one
• वृषा: Kartā (उपवाक्ये/विशेषणरूपेण)
• Type: Noun/Adjective
• Root: वृषन्/वृष (प्रातिपदिक)

• द्यु॒म्नी: splendid, radiant
• द्यु॒म्नी: Kartā (विशेषणरूपेण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: द्यु॒म्निन् (प्रातिपदिक)

• आहुतः: invoked, called upon; offered (to)
• आहुतः: Kartā/Predicate (वर्ण्यः)
• Type: Verb-derived (past participle)
• Root: आ-हु (√हु) → आहुत (कृदन्त)

• क्रन्दत्: crying out, neighing
• क्रन्दत्: Kartā (विशेषणरूपेण)
• Type: Verb-derived (participle)
• Root: क्रन्द् (√क्रन्द्)

• अश्वः: the horse
• अश्वः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: अश्व (प्रातिपदिक)

• गविष्टिषु: in the quests for cows; in battles/raids
• गविष्टिषु: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: गविष्टि (प्रातिपदिक)