Rig Veda 1.1.4 — Mandala 1, Sukta 1, Mantra 4
Sukta 1.1
Rishi: Madhucchandas Vaishvamitra
Devata: Agni
Chandas: Gāyatrī
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
अग्ने यं यज्ञमध्वरं विश्वतः परिभूरसि । स इद्देवेषु गच्छति ॥
Transliteration
agné yaṁ yajñám adhvaráṁ viśvátaḥ paribhū́r asi | sá íd devéṣu gácchati ||
Translation
O Agni, the sacrifice and the journey of offering which you encompass and master from every side—by that very power the human seeker moves and arrives among the Gods (the luminous powers).
Word by Word
अग्नेO Agni
अग्ने:
सम्बोधन (address; outside kāraka)
TypeNoun (address)
Rootअग्नि- (प्रातिपदिक)
यम्whom / which
यम्:
कर्म (object of ‘परिभूः असि’)
TypePronoun
Rootयद्- (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
यज्ञम्sacrifice
यज्ञम्:
कर्म (in apposition to यम्)
TypeNoun
Rootयज्ञ- (प्रातिपदिक; √यज्)
अध्वरम्ritual / sacred rite
अध्वरम्:
कर्म (in apposition to यम्/यज्ञम्)
TypeNoun
Rootअध्वर- (प्रातिपदिक)
विश्वतःon all sides
विश्वतः:
अधिकरण (adverbial: sphere/direction of action)
TypeIndeclinable (adverb)
Rootविश्व- (प्रातिपदिक) + तस् (अव्ययीभाव/तद्धित-अव्यय)
परिभूः(thou) encompass / preside over
परिभूः:
क्रिया (with implied कर्ता = त्वम्/अग्ने)
TypeVerb (finite, archaic Vedic form)
Root√भू (भवति) + परि- (उपसर्ग); present stem परि-भव-/परि-भू-
असिart / are
असि:
क्रिया (linking verb)
TypeVerb
Root√अस् (अस्ति)
सःhe
सः:
कर्तृ (subject of ‘गच्छति’)
TypePronoun
Rootतद्- (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
इत्indeed
इत्:
सम्बन्ध/निपात (emphasis)
TypeIndeclinable (particle)
Rootइत् (निपात)
देवेषुamong the gods
देवेषु:
अधिकरण (locus/goal-sphere)
TypeNoun
Rootदेव- (प्रातिपदिक)
गच्छतिgoes / proceeds
गच्छति:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Root√गम् (गच्छति)
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