Ramayana — Yuddha Kanda, Sarga 83, Shloka 30

त्र्यशीतितमः सर्गः (Sarga 83)

Hanumān Reports Sītā’s ‘Slaying’; Rāma Collapses; Lakṣmaṇa’s Counter-Discourse on Dharma and Artha

Devanagari script

अधर्मसंश्रितोधर्मोविनाशयतिराघव ।सर्वमेतद्यथाकामंकाकुत्स्थकुरुतेनरः ।।6.83.30।।

Transliteration

adharma-saṃśrito dharmo vināśayati rāghava | sarvam etad yathā-kāmaṃ kākutstha kurute naraḥ ||6.83.30||

Translation

Kapag ang dharma’y kumakapit sa adharma, nagdudulot ito ng kapahamakan, O Rāghava. Sa lahat ng ito, O supling ng Kakutstha, ang tao’y kumikilos lamang ayon sa nais niya.

Word by Word

• अधर्मसंश्रितः: resorting to adharma
• अधर्मसंश्रितः: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अधर्मसंश्रित (प्रातिपदिक; अधर्म + संश्रित)
• Form: कृदन्त (√श्रि क्त with सम्-), पुंलिङ्ग (masculine), प्रथमा (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (singular); समासः—अधर्मं संश्रितः (one who resorts to adharma)

• धर्मः: dharma
• धर्मः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: धर्म (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (masculine), प्रथमा (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (singular)

• विनाशयति: destroys
• विनाशयति: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: नश् (धातु) + वि (उपसर्ग)
• Form: लट् (Present), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन (singular); णिच् (causative)

• राघव: O Rāghava
• राघव: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: राघव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (masculine), सम्बोधन (Vocative/8th), एकवचन (singular)

• सर्वम्: all (this)
• सर्वम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सर्व (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (neuter), द्वितीया (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन (singular)

• एतत्: this
• एतत्: Apposition (समानााधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: एतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (neuter), द्वितीया (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन (singular)

• यथाकामम्: as one wishes
• यथाकामम्: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यथाकाम (अव्ययीभाव-प्रातिपदिक; यथा + काम)
• Form: अव्ययीभावसमास, अव्यय (indeclinable adverb)

• काकुत्स्थ: O Kākutstha
• काकुत्स्थ: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: काकुत्स्थ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (masculine), सम्बोधन (Vocative/8th), एकवचन (singular)

• कुरुते: does
• कुरुते: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ (धातु)
• Form: लट् (Present), आत्मनेपद, प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन (singular)

• नरः: a man
• नरः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: नर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (masculine), प्रथमा (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (singular)

Context

"Kakuthsa Rama! Kings followed dharma and adharma both according to context. Whether following dharma or adharma destruction is happening. Therefore, humans keep doing both as per their desire."

Characters & Entities

• Rāma (Rāghava, Kākutstha)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma loses its protective power when compromised by adharma; moral principles, when instrumentalized by desire, become destructive.

What is the narrative situation?

The speaker generalizes from Rāma’s hardships to a broader critique: people bend ‘dharma’ to suit their wishes, producing ruin.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Moral discernment—recognizing corruption of righteousness by self-interest.