Ramayana — Yuddha Kanda, Sarga 42, Shloka 24

लङ्काप्राकारारोहणम् / Assault on Lanka’s Ramparts and the Opening Clash

Devanagari script

साहाय्यार्थंतुतस्यैवनिविष्टःप्रघसोहरिः ।पनसश्चमहाबाहुर्वानरैर्बहुभिर्वृतः ।।।।

Transliteration

sāhāyyārthaṃ tu tasyaiva niviṣṭaḥ praghaso hariḥ |

panasaś ca mahābāhur vānarair bahubhir vṛtaḥ ||

Translation

Upang maging katulong niya roon, pumuwesto ang unggoy na si Praghasa; at si Panasa ring makapangyarihan ang bisig, napalilibutan ng maraming Vānara, ay tumindig na handang umalalay.

Word by Word

• साहाय्यार्थम्: for assistance
• साहाय्यार्थम्: Prayojana (प्रयोजन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: साहाय्य (प्रातिपदिक) + अर्थ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; समासः—साहाय्यार्थम् = साहाय्यस्य अर्थम् (for the purpose of assistance)

• तु: indeed / and
• तु: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु (अव्यय)
• Form: विशेषार्थक-अव्यय (particle)

• तस्य: of him / for him
• तस्य: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम, प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, एकवचन

• एव: indeed / just
• एव: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव (अव्यय)
• Form: अवधारणार्थक-अव्यय (emphatic particle: just/indeed)

• निविष्टः: encamped
• निविष्टः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Verb
• Root: नि + विश् (धातु)
• Form: कृदन्त—क्त, पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; स्थित्यर्थ (encamped)

• प्रघसः: Praghasa
• प्रघसः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्रघस (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन (नाम)

• हरिः: monkey (vanara)
• हरिः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: हरि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• पनसः: Panasa
• पनसः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पनस (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन (नाम)

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक-अव्यय

• महाबाहुः: mighty-armed
• महाबाहुः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: महा (प्रातिपदिक) + बाहु (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; समासः—महाबाहुः = महान् बाहुः यस्य (mighty-armed)

• वानरैः: with vanaras
• वानरैः: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वानर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, बहुवचन

• बहुभिः: many
• बहुभिः: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: बहु (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, बहुवचन

• वृतः: surrounded
• वृतः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: वृ (धातु)
• Form: कृदन्त—क्त, पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

Context

Praghasa the broad shouldered Vanara, was surrounded by Panasa for assisting him who encamped surrounded by many.

Characters & Entities

• Praghasa
• Panasa
• Vānara

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma is cooperative service: supporting one’s leader and allies so that the collective cause of justice is sustained.

What is the narrative situation?

Alongside the gate deployments, additional commanders position themselves specifically to reinforce and assist the primary leader at that sector.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Sahāya-bhāva (helpfulness) and loyalty within an ethical alliance.