Ramayana — Yuddha Kanda, Sarga 39, Shloka 26

लङ्कादर्शनम्

Viewing Laṅkā and its Forest-Gardens

Devanagari script

मनोज्ञांकाननवतींपर्वतैरुपशोभिताम् ।नानाधातुविचित्रैश्चउद्यानैरुपशोभिताम् ।।6.39.25।।नानाविहङ्गासङ्घुष्टांनानामृगनिषेविताम् ।नानाकुसुमसञ्छन्नांनानाराक्षससेविताम् ।।6.39.26।।तांसमृद्धांसमृद्धार्धांलक्ष्मीनान्लक्ष्मणाग्रजः ।रावणस्यपुरींरामोददर्शसहवानरैः ।।6.39.27।।

Transliteration

manojñāṃ kānanavatīṃ parvatair upaśobhitām |

nānādhātu-vicitraiś ca udyānaiḥ upaśobhitām ||6.39.25||

nānāvihaṅga-saṅghuṣṭāṃ nānāmṛga-niṣevitām |

nānākusuma-sañchannāṃ nānārākṣasa-sevitām ||6.39.26||

tāṃ samṛddhāṃ samṛddhārhāṃ lakṣmīvān lakṣmaṇāgrajaḥ |

rāvaṇasya purīṃ rāmo dadarśa saha-vānaraiḥ ||6.39.27||

Translation

Si Rāma, ang nakatatandang kapatid ni Lakṣmaṇa—puspos ng kasaganaan at mapalad na ningning—ay minasdan, kasama ng mga vānarā, ang lungsod ni Rāvaṇa: kaaya-aya sa mga gubat at pinapaganda ng mga bundok na may sari-saring guhit ng mineral; pinaliliwanag ng mga hardin; umaalingawngaw sa maraming ibon; dinadalaw ng iba’t ibang usa; nababalutan ng iba’t ibang bulaklak; at pinaglilingkuran ng maraming rākṣasa—masagana at lubhang umuunlad.

Word by Word

• नानाविहङ्गासङ्घुष्टाम्: resounding with many kinds of birds
• नानाविहङ्गासङ्घुष्टाम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: नाना (अव्यय) + विहङ्ग (प्रातिपदिक) + सङ्घुष्ट (कृदन्त; √घुष् धातु, उपसर्ग सं-)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; 'पुरीम्/ताम्' इत्यस्य विशेषणम्; तत्पुरुषः: नानाविहङ्गैः सङ्घुष्टा (resounding with various birds)

• नानामृगनिषेविताम्: frequented by many kinds of animals
• नानामृगनिषेविताम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: नाना (अव्यय) + मृग (प्रातिपदिक) + निषेवित (कृदन्त; √सेव् धातु, उपसर्ग नि-)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; 'पुरीम्/ताम्' इत्यस्य विशेषणम्; नानामृगैः निषेविता (frequented by various deer/animals)

• नानाकुसुमसञ्छन्नाम्: covered with many kinds of flowers
• नानाकुसुमसञ्छन्नाम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: नाना (अव्यय) + कुसुम (प्रातिपदिक) + सञ्छन्न (कृदन्त; √छद् धातु, उपसर्ग सम्-)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; 'पुरीम्/ताम्' इत्यस्य विशेषणम्; नानाकुसुमैः सञ्छन्ना (covered with many flowers)

• नानाराक्षससेविताम्: attended by many rakshasas
• नानाराक्षससेविताम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: नाना (अव्यय) + राक्षस (प्रातिपदिक) + सेवित (कृदन्त; √सेव् धातु)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; 'पुरीम्/ताम्' इत्यस्य विशेषणम्; नानाराक्षसैः सेविता (attended by many rakshasas)

Context

Prosperous Rama, brother of Lakshmana along with Vanaras saw different kinds of forests, mountains filled with different kinds of minerals, delightful gardens endowed with different varieties of flowers, charming birds singing happily, frequented by a variety of deer, attended by Rakshasas. The city was blooming with prosperity.

Characters & Entities

• Rāma
• Lakṣmaṇa
• Rāvaṇa
• Laṅkā
• Vānaras
• rākṣasas

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma here is the disciplined gaze of a righteous leader: Rāma observes the world as it is—its beauty, its inhabitants, its power—without losing commitment to satya (truth) and rightful action. Clear seeing precedes right doing.

What is the narrative situation?

Rāma and the vānaras survey Laṅkā in detail—its natural richness, gardens, wildlife, flowers, and the presence of rākṣasas—just before the conflict intensifies.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Prudence and steadiness (dhairya): Rāma’s composed assessment of the enemy environment while maintaining a righteous objective.