Ramayana — Yuddha Kanda, Sarga 22, Shloka 58

सागरप्रशमनम् / The Pacification of the Ocean and the Building of Nala’s Bridge

Devanagari script

हस्तिमतान्महाकायाःपाषाणांश्चमहाबलाः ।पर्वतांश्चसमुत्पाट्ययन्स्सरैःपरिवहन्तिच ।।।।

Transliteration

hastimatān mahākāyāḥ pāṣāṇāṃś ca mahābalāḥ |

parvatāṃś ca samutpāṭya yantraiḥ parivahanti ca ||

Translation

Ang malalaking-katawan at makapangyarihang mga vānarā ay bumunot at nagbuhat ng mga batong kasinlaki ng elepante, at maging mga bundok pa, na dinadala nila sa pamamagitan ng mga kasangkapan.

Word by Word

• prakṣipyamāṇaiḥ: by (mountains) being hurled
• prakṣipyamāṇaiḥ: Karana (करणम्)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: pra√kṣip (धातु)
• Form: वर्तमानकाले कर्मणि कृदन्तः (present passive participle), शानच्-प्रत्ययः; तृतीया-विभक्तिः, बहुवचनम्; अर्थः: ‘while being hurled’

• acalaiḥ: by mountains
• acalaiḥ: Karana (करणम्)
• Type: Noun
• Root: acala (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्गः, तृतीया-विभक्तिः, बहुवचनम् (Instrumental plural)

• sahasā: suddenly
• sahasā: Kala (कालः)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: sahasā (अव्यय)
• Form: रीतिवाचक-अव्यय (adverb: suddenly/at once)

• jalam: water
• jalam: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: jala (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्गः, प्रथमा/द्वितीया-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम्; अत्र प्रथमा (subject)

• uddhṛtam: lifted up
• uddhṛtam: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: ud√hṛ (धातु) + kta (कृत्)
• Form: भूतकर्मणि कृदन्तः (PPP), क्त-प्रत्ययः; नपुंसकलिङ्गः, प्रथमा-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम्; अर्थः: ‘lifted up’

• samutsasarpa: rose up
• samutsasarpa: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: sam-ut√sṛp (धातु)
• Form: लिट्-लकारः (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुषः, एकवचनम्; परस्मैपदम्; अर्थः: ‘rose up/crept up’

• ākāśam: into the sky
• ākāśam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ākāśa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गः, द्वितीया-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम्

• avāsarpat: spread/flowed down
• avāsarpat: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: ava√sṛp (धातु)
• Form: लङ्-लकारः (Imperfect), प्रथमपुरुषः, एकवचनम्; परस्मैपदम्; अर्थः: ‘flowed/spread down’

• tataḥ: then
• tataḥ: Kala (कालः)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tataḥ (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (then/from there)

• tataḥ: again and again / here and there
• tataḥ: Kala (कालः)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tataḥ (अव्यय)
• Form: पुनरुक्त-अव्यय (repetition for distributive sense: here and there/again and again)

Context

The Vanaras of huge body size and strong like elephants collected stones and mountains, lifted them, and transported into the sea.

Characters & Entities

• Vānaras
• Mountains
• Yantra (devices)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma is intelligent effort: strength is paired with skill and tools (yantra), showing that righteous work values both power and practical means.

What is the narrative situation?

The vānaras escalate from trees to massive stones and mountain pieces, moving them with equipment.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Kauśala (competent skill) and parākrama (mighty exertion) in service.