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Ramayana — Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 43, Shloka 16

कौशल्याविलापः

Kausalya’s Lament and the Vision of Rama’s Return

कदा परिणतो बुद्ध्या वयसा चामरप्रभः।अभ्युपैष्यति धर्मज्ञस्त्रिवर्ष इव मां ललन्।।।।

kadā pariṇato buddhyā vayasā cāmaraprabhaḥ | abhyupaiṣyati dharmajñas trivarṣa iva māṃ lalan ||

Kailan babalik sa akin si Rāma—ang nakaaalam ng dharma, nagniningning sa banal na liwanag, hinog sa isip at gulang—na may mapaglarong lambing na gaya ng batang tatlong taong gulang?

कदाwhen?
कदा:
Sambandha (सम्बन्धः/temporal)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootkadā (अव्यय)
Formकालवाचक-अव्यय
परिणतःmatured
परिणतः:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootpariṇata (प्रातिपदिक; √nam/√nī in sense ‘to mature’)
Formभूतकृदन्त (क्त), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषणम्
बुद्ध्याin/with wisdom
बुद्ध्या:
Karana (करण/with respect to)
TypeNoun
Rootbuddhi (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), एकवचन
वयसाin/with age
वयसा:
Karana (करण/with respect to)
TypeNoun
Rootvayas (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया, एकवचन
and
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्धः)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चयबोधक-अव्यय
अमर-प्रभःhaving divine radiance
अमर-प्रभः:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootamara (प्रातिपदिक) + prabhā (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (अमराणां प्रभा यस्य)
अभ्युपैष्यतिwill come/approach
अभ्युपैष्यति:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootabhi-upa-√i (धातु)
Formलृट्-लकार, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपदम्
धर्मज्ञःknower of dharma
धर्मज्ञः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeAdjective
Rootdharma (प्रातिपदिक) + jña (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; उपपद-तत्पुरुषः (धर्मं जानाति)
त्रि-वर्षःa three-year-old (child)
त्रि-वर्षः:
Upamana (उपमान/Standard)
TypeNoun
Roottri (संख्या) + varṣa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; द्विगु-समासः (त्रीणि वर्षाणि यस्य/त्रिवर्षीयः)
इवlike
इव:
Sambandha (सम्बन्धः/comparison)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootiva (अव्यय)
Formउपमानवाचक-अव्यय
माम्me
माम्:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootasmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formद्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; सर्वनाम
ललन्playing/caressing
ललन्:
Karta (कर्ता/Agent)
TypeVerb
Root√lal (धातु)
Formवर्तमान-कृदन्त (शतृ), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; क्रियाविशेषणवत् (manner: playfully)

When will Rama, the knower of righteousness, possessing the lustre of gods, and fully mature in age and wisdom come back to me playfully like a three-year-old boy?

R
Rāma
K
Kauśalyā
D
dharma (as an ideal)

FAQs

It presents dharma not as cold austerity but as integrated virtue: Rāma is both dharma-wise and tender—ethical maturity coexisting with affectionate humaneness.

Kausalyā expresses yearning for Rāma’s return, imagining him as supremely mature in righteousness yet approaching her with the playful intimacy of a small child.

Rāma’s dharma-jñatā (moral clarity) together with filial affection—an ideal balance of principled conduct and loving relationship.