Valmiki Ramayana 2.4.40: Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 4, Shloka 40

अयोध्याकाण्डे चतुर्थः सर्गः

Rāma Summoned; Pushya Coronation Decision

Devanagari script

कल्याणे बत नक्षत्रे मयि जातोऽसि पुत्रक।येन त्वया दशरथो गुणैराराधितः पिता।।2.4.40।।

Sanskrit recitationValmiki Ramayana 2.4.40

Transliteration

kalyāṇe bata nakṣatre mayi jāto 'si putraka | yena tvayā daśaratho guṇair ārādhitaḥ pitā || 2.4.40 ||

Translation

“Kay mapalad na bituin, anak ko, nang ikaw ay isilang sa akin; at sa iyong mga kabutihan ay napasaya mo ang iyong ama na si Daśaratha.”

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Word by Word

• कल्याणे: auspicious
• कल्याणे: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: कल्याण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7/अधिकरण), एकवचन; adjective to nakṣatre

• बत: indeed!/oh!
• बत: Bhava-prakashaka (भाव-प्रकाशक)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: बत (अव्यय)
• Form: विस्मय/हर्षसूचक-अव्यय (exclamatory particle)

• नक्षत्रे: in (an) asterism/star
• नक्षत्रे: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: नक्षत्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7/अधिकरण), एकवचन; locative singular

• मयि: in me
• मयि: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सप्तमी (7/अधिकरण), एकवचन; locative ‘in me’

• जातः: born
• जातः: Karta (कर्ता) (with asi)
• Type: Verb
• Root: जन् (धातु)
• Form: कृदन्त (क्त/PPP), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1), एकवचन; ‘born’

• असि: you are
• असि: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Verb
• Root: अस् (धातु)
• Form: लट् (वर्तमान), मध्यमपुरुष, एकवचन; present ‘you are’

• पुत्रक: O son
• पुत्रक: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पुत्रक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन (8), एकवचन; vocative

• येन: by whom
• येन: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुं/नपुंसक, तृतीया (3/करण), एकवचन; instrumental ‘by whom/whereby’

• त्वया: by you
• त्वया: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: युष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तृतीया (3/करण), एकवचन; instrumental ‘by you’

• दशरथः: Dasaratha
• दशरथः: Karta (कर्ता) (of ārādhitaḥ)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दशरथ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1/कर्ता), एकवचन; nominative singular

• गुणैः: with virtues
• गुणैः: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गुण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3/करण), बहुवचन; instrumental plural

• आराधितः: has been pleased
• आराधितः: Kriya (क्रिया) (passive)
• Type: Verb
• Root: आ+राध् (धातु)
• Form: कृदन्त (क्त/PPP), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1), एकवचन; predicate participle ‘pleased/honoured’

• पिता: (your) father
• पिता: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पितृ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1), एकवचन; apposition to daśarathaḥ

Context

O Rama, my little child! you were born to me under a lucky star. On this account you have delighted your father Dasaratha with your virtues. What a joy !

Characters & Entities

• Kausalya
• Rama
• Dasaratha

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Satya and dharma in family life—Rama’s virtues manifest as honoring and bringing rightful joy to his father.

What is the narrative situation?

Kausalya reflects on Rama’s auspicious birth and credits his character for making Dasaratha proud and pleased.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Filial devotion and excellence in conduct (guṇa-sampad).