Ramayana — Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 4, Shloka 30

अयोध्याकाण्डे चतुर्थः सर्गः

Rāma Summoned; Pushya Coronation Decision

Devanagari script

तत्र तां प्रवणामेव मातरं क्षौमवासिनीम्।वाग्यतां देवतागारे ददर्शाऽऽयाचतीं श्रियम्।।2.4.30।।

Transliteration

tatra tāṃ pravaṇām eva mātaraṃ kṣaumavāsinīm | vāgyatāṃ devatāgāre dadarśā ’yācatīṃ śriyam || 2.4.30 ||

Translation

Doon niya nakita ang kanyang ina, nakasuot ng pinong kasuotan; tahimik at nakatuon sa debosyon sa dambana, nananalangin para sa maharlikang kapalaran.

Word by Word

• तत्र: there
• तत्र: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण/Location)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तत्र (अव्यय)
• Form: देशवाचक-अव्यय (locative adverb)

• ताम्: that (her)
• ताम्: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन

• प्रवणाम्: bowed down, devoted
• प्रवणाम्: Karma-viśeṣaṇa (कर्मविशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: प्रवणा (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; ताम्/मातरम्-विशेषण (bent down, devoted)

• एव: indeed
• एव: Sambandha (emphasis)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव (अव्यय)
• Form: अवधारण-अव्यय

• मातरम्: mother
• मातरम्: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मातृ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• क्षौमवासिनीम्: wearing fine cloth
• क्षौमवासिनीम्: Karma-viśeṣaṇa (कर्मविशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: क्षौम + वासिनी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; तत्पुरुषः ‘क्षौमं वसाना’ = wearing linen/silk garments

• वाग्यताम्: silent
• वाग्यताम्: Karma-viśeṣaṇa (कर्मविशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: वाक् + यत (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; ‘वाचा यता’ = restrained in speech, silent

• देवतागारे: in the shrine
• देवतागारे: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण/Location)
• Type: Noun
• Root: देवता + आगार (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन; ‘in the shrine/room of worship’

• ददर्श: saw
• ददर्श: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √दृश् (धातु)
• Form: लिट् (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• आयाचतीम्: praying for
• आयाचतीम्: Karma-viśeṣaṇa (कर्मविशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: आ-√याच् (धातु) → आयाचत् (कृदन्त)
• Form: वर्तमानकृदन्त (शतृ), स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; ताम्-विशेषण ‘praying/begging’

• श्रियम्: prosperity, royal fortune
• श्रियम्: Karma (कर्म/Object of praying)
• Type: Noun
• Root: श्री (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

Context

There he beheld his mother in silk apparel engrossed in silent prayer (to the gods) for his royal fortune in the room meant for the worship of the gods.

Characters & Entities

• Rāma
• Kauśalyā
• śrī (royal fortune/prosperity)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma as sacred preparation: before worldly elevation, devotion and prayer seek alignment with divine order and truth (satya) through disciplined worship.

What is the narrative situation?

Rāma arrives at the inner quarters and finds Kauśalyā silently praying in the shrine.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Kauśalyā’s piety and self-restraint (silence, devotion), showing inner discipline at a decisive moment.