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Valmiki Ramayana 2.18.41Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 18, Shloka 41

अष्टादशः सर्गः

Kaikeyī Discloses the Boons: Exile to Daṇḍaka and Bharata’s Consecration

इतीव तस्यां परुषं वदन्त्यांन चैव रामः प्रविवेश शोकम्।प्रविव्यथे चापि महानुभावोराजा तु पुत्रव्यसनाभितप्तः।।।।

itīva tasyāṁ paruṣaṁ vadantyāṁ na caiva rāmaḥ praviveśa śokam | pravivyathe cāpi mahānubhāvo rājā tu putravyasanābhitaptaḥ ||

Kahit gayon, habang siya’y nagsasalita ng mababagsik na salita, si Rama’y hindi lumubog sa dalamhati. Ngunit ang marangal na hari, sinusunog ng kapahamakan sa anak, ay pinahirapan ng matinding sakit.

इतिthus
इति:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootiti (अव्यय)
FormQuotative particle (इति-प्रयोग)
इवas if; as it were
इव:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootiva (अव्यय)
FormUpamā-avyaya (उपमा-अव्यय) comparative particle
तस्याम्in her; when she
तस्याम्:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Roottad (प्रातिपदिक)
FormStrīliṅga, Saptamī vibhakti (7th/सप्तमी), Eka-vacana; locative absolute support with participle वदन्त्याम्
परुषम्harsh words
परुषम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootparuṣa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNapumsaka, Dvitīyā vibhakti, Eka-vacana; object of वदन्त्याम् (speaking)
वदन्त्याम्while (she) was speaking
वदन्त्याम्:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeVerb
Rootvad (धातु)
FormŚatṛ/Śānac present participle feminine locative singular (शतृ/शानच् वर्तमान कृदन्त; स्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन); in locative absolute with तस्याम्
not
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna (अव्यय)
FormNegative particle (निषेध)
and
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
FormConjunction (समुच्चय)
एवindeed; just
एव:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rooteva (अव्यय)
FormEmphatic particle (अवधारण)
रामःRama
रामः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootrāma (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Prathamā vibhakti, Eka-vacana
प्रविवेशentered
प्रविवेश:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootpra-vi-viś (धातु)
FormLuṅ-lakāra (लुङ्/Aorist), Parasmaipada, Prathama-puruṣa, Eka-vacana
शोकम्sorrow
शोकम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootśoka (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Dvitīyā vibhakti, Eka-vacana
प्रविव्यथेwas deeply pained
प्रविव्यथे:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootpra-vi-vyath (धातु)
FormLuṅ-lakāra (लुङ्/Aorist), Ātmanepada, Prathama-puruṣa, Eka-vacana
and
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
FormConjunction (समुच्चय)
अपिalso
अपि:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootapi (अव्यय)
FormParticle (अपि) ‘also/even’
महानुभावःnoble; of great dignity
महानुभावः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootmahā + anubhāva (प्रातिपदिक)
FormKarmadhāraya (कर्मधारय) compound; Puṃliṅga, Prathamā, Eka-vacana; adjective qualifying राजा
राजाthe king
राजा:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootrājan (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Prathamā vibhakti, Eka-vacana
तुbut
तु:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottu (अव्यय)
FormAdversative particle (विरोध/विशेष)
पुत्रव्यसनाभितप्तःafflicted by the calamity concerning his son
पुत्रव्यसनाभितप्तः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootputra + vyasana + abhitapta (प्रातिपदिक)
FormTatpuruṣa compound: putra-vyasana (son’s calamity) + abhitapta (afflicted); Puṃliṅga, Prathamā, Eka-vacana; adjective qualifying राजा

Devoted to his father's wellbeing, Rama reflected, Why does not father reciprocate my greeting (like on other days)?

R
Rama
D
Dasaratha
K
Kaikeyi

FAQs

Dharma is steady self-mastery: Rāma refuses to be ruled by grief, choosing principled action; the verse contrasts inner discipline with the king’s overwhelming anguish.

After Kaikeyī’s harsh insistence, Rāma remains composed, while Daśaratha suffers intensely at the prospect of his son’s ruin/exile.

Rāma’s equanimity and commitment to dharma; Daśaratha’s deep paternal love (though expressed as debilitating sorrow).

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