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Shloka 33

The Greatness of Gayā

Gayā-Māhātmya

एतेन कृष्णेन हता पुरा वै जन्मन्यनेका ऋषयः पुराणाः । एतौ स्मृतौ द्वावपि पितृपुत्रौ अवीचिसंज्ञं नरकं प्रविष्टौ ॥ ३३ ॥

etena kṛṣṇena hatā purā vai janmanyanekā ṛṣayaḥ purāṇāḥ | etau smṛtau dvāvapi pitṛputrau avīcisaṃjñaṃ narakaṃ praviṣṭau || 33 ||

Dahil sa Kṛṣṇa na iyon (ang maitim at makasalanan), noong una sa maraming kapanganakan, maraming sinaunang ṛṣi ang napatay. Ang dalawang ito, na inaalala bilang ama at anak, ay pumasok sa impiyernong tinatawag na Avīci.

etenaby this
etena:
Karana (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootetad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental (3rd), Singular; here masculine agreeing with kṛṣṇena
kṛṣṇenaby Kṛṣṇa (the black one)
kṛṣṇena:
Karana (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootkṛṣṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Instrumental (3rd), Singular
hatāḥwere slain
hatāḥ:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√han (हन् धातु)
FormPast passive participle (क्त), Masculine, Nominative (1st), Plural; agreeing with ṛṣayaḥ
purāformerly
purā:
Kāla (काल)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootpurā (अव्यय)
FormAdverb (कालवाचक)
vaiindeed
vai:
Nipāta (निपात)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootvai (अव्यय)
FormParticle (निश्चयार्थक/खलु-अर्थे)
janmaniin (a) birth
janmani:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootjanman (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Locative (7th), Singular
anekāḥmany
anekāḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootaneka (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative (1st), Plural; agreeing with ṛṣayaḥ
ṛṣayaḥsages
ṛṣayaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootṛṣi (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative (1st), Plural
purāṇāḥancient
purāṇāḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootpurāṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative (1st), Plural; agreeing with ṛṣayaḥ
etauthese two
etau:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootetad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative (1st), Dual
smṛtauare remembered/known
smṛtau:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√smṛ (स्मृ धातु)
FormPast passive participle (क्त), Masculine, Nominative, Dual; used as predicate: 'are remembered/known as'
dvautwo
dvau:
Pratijñā (समानााधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootdvi (संख्या-प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Dual; numeral
apialso
api:
Nipāta (निपात)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootapi (अव्यय)
FormParticle (अपि)
pitṛ-putraufather and son
pitṛ-putrau:
Pratijñā (समानााधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootpitṛ (प्रातिपदिक) + putra (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Dual; इतरेतर-द्वन्द्वः (pitā ca putraś ca)
avīci-saṃjñamnamed Avīci
avīci-saṃjñam:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootavīci (प्रातिपदिक) + saṃjñā (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular; तत्पुरुषः (avīci iti saṃjñā yasya)
narakamhell
narakam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootnaraka (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Accusative (2nd), Singular
praviṣṭauentered
praviṣṭau:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootpra-√viś (विश् धातु)
FormPast active participle (क्तवतु/क्त; here perfective adjectival), Masculine, Nominative, Dual; 'having entered'

Narada (narrating consequences of grave sins within the Uttara-Bhaga’s naraka descriptions)

Vrata: none

Primary Rasa: bhayanaka

Secondary Rasa: raudra

K
Kṛṣṇa (as a named individual in the narrative, not necessarily Śrī Kṛṣṇa-Vāsudeva)
Ṛṣis (ancient sages)
A
Avīci (hell realm)

FAQs

It underscores the Purāṇic law of karma: violence against holy persons (ṛṣis) is a grave transgression whose momentum can follow one across births, culminating in severe post-mortem suffering such as Avīci.

By highlighting the catastrophic end of irreverence and cruelty toward sages, the verse indirectly points to bhakti and sat-saṅga (reverence for saints) as safeguards—devotion is sustained through honoring dharma and the devotees of the Divine.

The practical takeaway is dharma-śāstric ethics rather than a technical Vedāṅga: one must avoid guru/ṛṣi-apacāra (offense to sages) and follow prescribed prayāścitta and righteous conduct to prevent karmic downfall.