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Shloka 29

Honoring the Mother (Mātṛpūjanam): Consent, Equity, and Dana to Restore Household Dharma

ऊचुः सगद्गदां वाचं हितार्थं तनयस्य हि । अवश्यं तव वाक्यं हि कर्तव्यं न्यायसंयुतम् ॥ २९ ॥

ūcuḥ sagadgadāṃ vācaṃ hitārthaṃ tanayasya hi | avaśyaṃ tava vākyaṃ hi kartavyaṃ nyāyasaṃyutam || 29 ||

Nagsalita sila nang nauutal ang tinig, alang-alang sa kapakanan ng kanilang anak: “Tunay, ang iyong salita ay dapat isakatuparan—kung ito’y kalakip ng katarungan (nyāya).”

ūcuḥthey said
ūcuḥ:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootvac (धातु)
Formलिट् (Perfect/परोक्सभूत), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), बहुवचन (plural)
sa-gadgadāmwith a stammering (voice)
sa-gadgadām:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootsa (उपसर्ग/अव्यय) + gadgada (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (Accusative/कर्म), एकवचन; अव्ययीभाव-समास: 'गद्गदया सह' = with stammering
vācamspeech, words
vācam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootvāc (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (Accusative/कर्म), एकवचन
hita-arthamfor (his) benefit
hita-artham:
Prayojana (प्रयोजन/हेतु)
TypeAdjective
Roothita (प्रातिपदिक) + artha (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (Accusative), एकवचन; तत्पुरुष: हितस्य अर्थः = for welfare/benefit
tanayasyaof the son
tanayasya:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Roottanaya (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (Genitive/सम्बन्ध), एकवचन
hiindeed
hi:
Sambandha-bodhaka (सम्बन्ध/निपात)
TypeIndeclinable
Roothi (अव्यय)
Formनिपात (particle), emphasis/indeed
avaśyamcertainly, necessarily
avaśyam:
Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootavaśyam (अव्यय)
Formक्रियाविशेषण (adverb) = necessarily
tavayour
tava:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Roottvad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formषष्ठी (Genitive), एकवचन; सर्वनाम (pronoun)
vākyamstatement, word
vākyam:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootvākya (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (Nom./Acc.), एकवचन; here as subject of obligation
hiindeed
hi:
Sambandha-bodhaka (सम्बन्ध/निपात)
TypeIndeclinable
Roothi (अव्यय)
Formनिपात (particle), emphasis/indeed
kartavyammust be done, should be followed
kartavyam:
Vidhi/Obligation (विधेय)
TypeAdjective
Rootkṛ (धातु) + tavya (कृत्-प्रत्यय)
Formकृत्य-प्रत्ययान्त (gerundive/obligatory), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; 'to be done'
nyāya-saṃyutamjoined with justice, proper
nyāya-saṃyutam:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootnyāya (प्रातिपदिक) + saṃyuta (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; तत्पुरुष: न्यायेन संयुतम् = endowed with justice

Unnamed speakers (plural) addressing a second person (tava), speaking for their son

Vrata: none

Rasa: {"primary_rasa":"karuna","secondary_rasa":"shanta","emotional_journey":"Begins with grief and trembling speech (sagadgada), then steadies into a sober insistence that one’s promise must align with justice."}

FAQs

It teaches that truthfulness and honoring one’s word are virtuous only when aligned with nyāya (justice/dharma); emotion and familial concern must still be governed by righteousness.

Bhakti in the Purāṇic sense is not mere sentiment; it is devotion expressed through dharmic integrity—keeping promises and acting for others’ welfare without violating justice.

The verse foregrounds nyāya/nīti reasoning—practical discernment used in dharma—rather than a specific Vedāṅga ritual or technical science.