Pāpa-bheda, Naraka-yātanā, Mahāpātaka-vicāra, Atonement Limits, Daśa-vidhā Bhakti, and Gaṅgā as Final Remedy
पापानां यातानानां च धर्माणां चापि भूपते । एवं बहुविधा भूप यातनाः पापकारिणाम् ॥ १३१ ॥
pāpānāṃ yātānānāṃ ca dharmāṇāṃ cāpi bhūpate | evaṃ bahuvidhā bhūpa yātanāḥ pāpakāriṇām || 131 ||
O Hari, sa gayon ay naipahayag ang mga parusa (yātanā) ng mga kasalanan, at gayundin ang mga alituntunin ng dharma. Sa ganitong paraan, O pinuno, sari-sari ang mapanakit na bunga para sa mga gumagawa ng kasamaan.
Narada (in instruction to a king)
Vrata: none
Primary Rasa: shanta
Secondary Rasa: bhayanaka
It closes a section by affirming the karmic law: sin (pāpa) yields specific sufferings (yātanā), while dharma is the corrective path that prevents such outcomes.
Indirectly, it prepares the ground for bhakti by emphasizing accountability: recognizing the results of pāpa encourages a devotee to adopt dharmic living and turn toward Vishnu-centered devotion as protection and purification.
No specific Vedanga (like Vyākaraṇa or Jyotiṣa) is taught in this verse; the practical takeaway is dharma-śāstra ethics—avoiding sinful conduct due to its defined karmic consequences.